지원사업
학술연구/단체지원/교육 등 연구자 활동을 지속하도록 DBpia가 지원하고 있어요.
커뮤니티
연구자들이 자신의 연구와 전문성을 널리 알리고, 새로운 협력의 기회를 만들 수 있는 네트워킹 공간이에요.
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Recently, the number of observations used in a data assimilation system is increasing due to the enormous amount of observations, including satellite data. However, it is not clear that all of these observations are always beneficial to the performance of the numerical weather prediction (NWP). Therefore, it is important to evaluate the effect of observations on these forecasts so that the observations can be used more usefully in NWP process. In this study, the adjoint-based Forecast Sensitivity to Observation (FSO) method with the KMA Unified Model (UM) is applied to two high-impact weather events which occurred in summer and winter in Korea in an effort to investigate the effects of observations on the forecasts of these events. The total dry energy norm is used as a response function to calculate the adjoint sensitivity. For the summer case, TEMP observations have the greatest total impact while BOGUS shows the greatest impact per observation for all of the 24-, 36-, and 48-hour forecasts. For the winter case, aircraft, ATOVS, and ESA have the greatest total impact for the 24-, 36-, and 48-hour forecasts respectively, while ESA has the greatest impact per observation. Most of the observation effects are horizontally located upwind or in the vicinity of the Korean peninsula. The fraction of beneficial observations is less than 50%, which is less than the results in previous studies. As an additional experiment, the total moist energy norm is used as a response function to measure the sensitivity of 24-hour forecast error to observations. The characteristics of the observation impact with the moist energy response function are generally similar to those with the dry energy response function. However, the ATOVS observations were found to be sensitive to the response function, showing a positive (a negative) effect on the forecast when using the dry (moist) norm for the summer case. For the winter case, the dry and moist energy norm experiments show very similar results because the adjoint of KMA UM does not calculate the specific humidity of ice properly such that the dry and moist energy norms are very similar except for the humidity in air that is very low in winter.
목차
Abstract
1. 서론
2. 방법
3. 결과
4. 요약 및 결론
REFERENCES
참고문헌 (26)
참고문헌 신청
1. [학술지(정기간행물)] - Baker, N / 2000 / Observation and background adjoint sensitivity in the adaptive observation-targeting problem / Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. 126 : 1431 ~ 1454
2. [학술지(정기간행물)] - Bouttier, F / 2001 / Observing-system experiments in the ECMWF 4D-Var data assimilation system / Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc 127 : 1469 ~ 1488
3. [학술지(정기간행물)] - Buizza, R / 1994 / Localization of optimal perturbations using a projection operator / Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc 120 : 1647 ~ 1681
4. [학술지(정기간행물)] - Cardinali, C / 2009 / Monitoring the observation impact on the short-range forecast / Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc 135 : 239 ~ 250
5. [보고서] - Clayton, A. M / 2004 / VAR Scientific Documentation 60 : 1 ~ 12
2. [학술지(정기간행물)] - Bouttier, F / 2001 / Observing-system experiments in the ECMWF 4D-Var data assimilation system / Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc 127 : 1469 ~ 1488
3. [학술지(정기간행물)] - Buizza, R / 1994 / Localization of optimal perturbations using a projection operator / Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc 120 : 1647 ~ 1681
4. [학술지(정기간행물)] - Cardinali, C / 2009 / Monitoring the observation impact on the short-range forecast / Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc 135 : 239 ~ 250
5. [보고서] - Clayton, A. M / 2004 / VAR Scientific Documentation 60 : 1 ~ 12
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UCI(KEPA) : I410-ECN-0101-2014-450-003199676