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논문 기본 정보
- 자료유형
- 연구보고서
- 저자정보
- 발행연도
- 2008.3
- 수록면
- 1 - 174 (176page)
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Europe has been encouraging SSS (SSS: Short Sea Shipping) and coastal shipping as a safer and environmentally better alternative in order to prepare for anticipated transportation expansion since the European Union was accomplished. During the last decade, the growth rate of the SSS has been the fastest among those of various transportation means like rails, roads and air-ways. The 1st and 2nd Marco Polo programme proposed by the EU"s Commission are the typical examples representing EU"s efforts regarding the SSS. The contents of the programme involves a wide range of solutions concerning air pollution, global warming, etc. as well as transportation safety and traffics. For an instance, the Rotterdam of Netherlands now serves almost 210 SSS seaway shuttles to the neighboring ports in the European continent.
In the case of the USA, a consultative team called SCOOP (Short Sea Shipping Cooperative) has been organized by an allied participation of government, companies, universities, etc, and now in active operation. The USA, Canada and Mexico has contracted a MOU to promote the joint efforts for the regional SSS. The USA has also engaged a MOU with Mexico for the shipping in the Mexican Bay.
Korea, surrounded with the Yellow Sea in the west, the South Sea and the East Sea, has many islands scattered along its south-west coast, and such geographical characteristics itself confirms the importance and necessity of the SSS and coastal shipping in Korean transportation system. However, the present insufficient transportation infra-structure is likely to cause excessive traffics and capital loss, besides the traffic accidents and emission gas pollution, which emphasizes the necessity of the improvement of the coastal shipping logistics. In addition, the trade between the south and north Koreas is increasing as the South-north economic cooperation expands, for example, the agreement on South-north maritime traffic has been activated since May 2004. The international trades between Korea, China and Japan have been extra-ordinarily huge. The economical expansion of north-east Asian economic block involving those three nations is the fastest in the world market, which is another important factor to be seriously accounted.
Under the present situation mentioned above, this research on the coastal shipping and the transportation system between Mokpo and Jeju, is extraordinarily important and meets the timely needs since the seaway between them is the major coastal passage connecting the Korean Peninsula and Jeju Island. Jeju island is the biggest, having warm weathers with favorable unique nature, which influences the shipping of Jeju directly. Major passenger shipping to Jeju is brought on by the sightseeing, while most of other coastal passengers like that of Mokpo use the service by the need from daily living. The present shipping trend of the Jeju Island depends more on regional coastal maritime service than on outside shipping, which implies that the Jeju"s economy is still relatively small and sufficed by regional economic activities. However, this trend is gradually changing judging from the fact that the gross tonnage of outside freight carriers has been increasing to compete the regional coastal freight carriers, and this trend is getting more apparent as time passes. It is now certain that the Jeju"s economy is changing to outside shipping dependent type from the past regional shipping dependent type. It has been noticed that the total freight amount has been decreased drastically, in detail, the freight from regional shipping has been reduced to almost half in the last decade, while the freight from outside region has been gradually increasing, which is far from the usual expectation. It is strongly recommended that an extra and intensive research has to be performed in near future to investigate what is happening to the Jeju"s economy in order to answer the strange rapid decrease. The simplest answer would be rapid population decrease, however, this is only a rapid guess for now without a proper investigation.
A simple O-D(Origin-Destination) analysis for the Mokpo-Jeju logistics trend reveals that far more freight is shipped to Jeju from Mokpo than that in opposite direction. The freight volumes in both directions have been increasing gradually besides the years, 2002 and 2003.
The statistics on domestic coastal passenger shipping shows different trend from the freight shipping. The total number of passengers reached almost 11.7 millions in 2006, which is almost 1/5 of the whole population. The busiest port is Mokpo having 4.6 million passengers, followed by Masan, Incheon, Yeusoo, Busan, etc. while in the case of coastal freight, the 1st is the Incheon, followed by Busan, Kwangyang, etc. The busiest seaway starting from Jeju, is the Mokpo-Jeju, and the 2nd is the Jeju-Yeusoo, followed by Jeju-Busan and Jeju-Incheon. Almost half of the passengers from Jeju took the Jeju-Mokpo service.
Specially, the busiest seaway in domestic coastal passenger shipping is the Mokpo-Hongdo route having the most passengers, which implies such a very important aspect in domestic coastal shipping trend that more people already take the coastal shipping service for leisure activity or well-being purpose, rather than for ordinary living purpose. It is recommended that this Mokpo-Hongdo case must be taken into account when we do the decision-making on future policy for coastal shipping because the coastal shipping must include the effect of sightseeing in its system. In addition, the unique natural environment of Jeju Island maintains the capacity to provide a successful cruise ship course, located in the middle of China and Japan. Therefore well-planned investments are also expected for this purpose.
Recent trend of free trade worldwide promotes the need of innovating logistics related industry, which connects supplier and consumer. Now it can hardly be possible to achieve a successful economy without a proper logistics system to sustain the whole economic and industrial structure. Inefficient logistics chains and the wrong operation have only to fail the efficiency of the whole industrial system. Domestic economy can not be exceptional regarding this modern logistics and economy combination. Every developed and developing country on the Earth tries the best to develop and equip the required proper logistics system to minimize the social loss and environmental cost. China is the typical example in such efforts. The logistics chain that connects suppliers and end users, consists usually of such various modes as road transport, sea transport, air transport, etc, and these modes meet together at logistics nodes like sea/air ports. At these nodes, nodal delay frequently occurs due to numerous reasons, for example: improper cargo handling facility, low qualified labor, etc, which must result in decreased efficiency of the whole logistics chain, and in severe obstacles to the whole economy. In this regard, it can be the 1st available option to device or to propose a system to reduce the causes of the nodal delay at the inter modal junction, specifically, at the ports of Jeju and Mokpo in this research. Train ferry system and Roll on-Roll off (Ro-Ro) system are typical examples for such purpose.
The present cargo handling process in Jeju port is performed by small loading/unloading vehicles and cranes to pick up, carry, and stack freights or containers on decks and wharfs. Thus the present efficiency or the cargo handling productivity of Jeju port is so inefficient to cause intermodal delay. The situation at the port of Mokpo is about the same as Jeju port. This report recommends a Roll on-Roll off system that consists of a Ro-Ro ship and required wharf facility to accommodate freight trucks to/from ships and wharfs directly, and to minimize loading/unloading process. This system also reduces the traffics on the road to the logistics node. The simplified cargo handling process by Ro-Ro system can also simplify the port operation, which helps to systemize the whole port operation more easily. Train ferry is not proper since rail transportation is inefficient in the Jeju Island. For the time being, the 53 and 54 berths in the Jeju port can be used for the new Ro-Ro cargo service, while in the Mokpo port there is no available berth to meet the need. In the near future, it is not practical to operate a genuine Ro-Ro system in the Mokpo-Jeju route. Thus it is recommendable to use a intermediate system mixed with present cargo service and Ro-Ro system for smooth conversion. Though economical feasibility study is also needed to confirm the success of the proposed cargo handling system, it is not included in this report partly because enough data is hard to obtain for an individual coastal route, and partly because the actual shipping volumes may be too irregular and temporal to show any statistical characteristics. It is suggested that more profound research is needed including both processes of producing and analyzing data regarding this Jeju-Mokpo coastal shipping and for the development of its proper logistics system.
In accordance with the active progress of SSS and coastal shipping throughout the world economies, domestic coastal transportation becomes more popular as time passes. Under the present atmosphere, safety measure on coastal navigation becomes more important to meet the busy ship operation on the crowded coastal seas. For this purpose, required efforts have been made such as making laws and regulations, developing computerized safety control systems and man-powers to apply such laws and control systems. New organizations have been established to sustain the safety control on busy coastal logistics. Accidents on domestic seaways have been effectively reduced after the application of the ISM Code, a international regulation manual that restricts undue safety actions on ship operation. During 2000 - 2003, the ratio of ship wrecks became about 0.77%. Similar trend can be found on the coastal seas near Mokpo. During the last decade, the accident ratio reached the peak in 1999, and decreased sharply in 2000, and stays there since then. It is easy to anticipate that as times passes, coastal seaways will become more busy, ships will become bigger with better equipments. Accordingly timely actions need to be made. Establishing a multi purpose organization will make it easy and efficient to control the whole process regarding the coastal logistics.
After all, domestic coastal shipping will become the major logistics solution to meet the future transportation need in various aspects such as transportation traffic problem, environmental issues from gas emission, etc. since Korea is a peninsula with many islands and complex coastlines. This tendency will become more intensive with practical needs as time passes, and as life quality enhances. A successful logistics system quipped with best logistics chains must be indispensible to connect and combine regional economies to conform a whole successful economy like organic body and eventually to accomplish a affluent society. In this report, a logistical solution, in other words a Roll on-Roll off system, is suggested for the purpose of best Jeju-Mokpo shipping operation. This system will decrease the inter modal delay that frequently occurs in a logistics chain operation, and will increase the whole shipping efficiency to result in regional prosperity near Mokpo and Jeju. In addition, the present research on local logistical solution will benefit to derive similar solutions to many other coastal areas in the Korean Peninsula. Finally, it is suggested that new researches or more efforts are expected or must be appointed in near future to solve many difficulties still in this report since there may be many short-comings and contents far below, possibly, expected research outcomes.
In the case of the USA, a consultative team called SCOOP (Short Sea Shipping Cooperative) has been organized by an allied participation of government, companies, universities, etc, and now in active operation. The USA, Canada and Mexico has contracted a MOU to promote the joint efforts for the regional SSS. The USA has also engaged a MOU with Mexico for the shipping in the Mexican Bay.
Korea, surrounded with the Yellow Sea in the west, the South Sea and the East Sea, has many islands scattered along its south-west coast, and such geographical characteristics itself confirms the importance and necessity of the SSS and coastal shipping in Korean transportation system. However, the present insufficient transportation infra-structure is likely to cause excessive traffics and capital loss, besides the traffic accidents and emission gas pollution, which emphasizes the necessity of the improvement of the coastal shipping logistics. In addition, the trade between the south and north Koreas is increasing as the South-north economic cooperation expands, for example, the agreement on South-north maritime traffic has been activated since May 2004. The international trades between Korea, China and Japan have been extra-ordinarily huge. The economical expansion of north-east Asian economic block involving those three nations is the fastest in the world market, which is another important factor to be seriously accounted.
Under the present situation mentioned above, this research on the coastal shipping and the transportation system between Mokpo and Jeju, is extraordinarily important and meets the timely needs since the seaway between them is the major coastal passage connecting the Korean Peninsula and Jeju Island. Jeju island is the biggest, having warm weathers with favorable unique nature, which influences the shipping of Jeju directly. Major passenger shipping to Jeju is brought on by the sightseeing, while most of other coastal passengers like that of Mokpo use the service by the need from daily living. The present shipping trend of the Jeju Island depends more on regional coastal maritime service than on outside shipping, which implies that the Jeju"s economy is still relatively small and sufficed by regional economic activities. However, this trend is gradually changing judging from the fact that the gross tonnage of outside freight carriers has been increasing to compete the regional coastal freight carriers, and this trend is getting more apparent as time passes. It is now certain that the Jeju"s economy is changing to outside shipping dependent type from the past regional shipping dependent type. It has been noticed that the total freight amount has been decreased drastically, in detail, the freight from regional shipping has been reduced to almost half in the last decade, while the freight from outside region has been gradually increasing, which is far from the usual expectation. It is strongly recommended that an extra and intensive research has to be performed in near future to investigate what is happening to the Jeju"s economy in order to answer the strange rapid decrease. The simplest answer would be rapid population decrease, however, this is only a rapid guess for now without a proper investigation.
A simple O-D(Origin-Destination) analysis for the Mokpo-Jeju logistics trend reveals that far more freight is shipped to Jeju from Mokpo than that in opposite direction. The freight volumes in both directions have been increasing gradually besides the years, 2002 and 2003.
The statistics on domestic coastal passenger shipping shows different trend from the freight shipping. The total number of passengers reached almost 11.7 millions in 2006, which is almost 1/5 of the whole population. The busiest port is Mokpo having 4.6 million passengers, followed by Masan, Incheon, Yeusoo, Busan, etc. while in the case of coastal freight, the 1st is the Incheon, followed by Busan, Kwangyang, etc. The busiest seaway starting from Jeju, is the Mokpo-Jeju, and the 2nd is the Jeju-Yeusoo, followed by Jeju-Busan and Jeju-Incheon. Almost half of the passengers from Jeju took the Jeju-Mokpo service.
Specially, the busiest seaway in domestic coastal passenger shipping is the Mokpo-Hongdo route having the most passengers, which implies such a very important aspect in domestic coastal shipping trend that more people already take the coastal shipping service for leisure activity or well-being purpose, rather than for ordinary living purpose. It is recommended that this Mokpo-Hongdo case must be taken into account when we do the decision-making on future policy for coastal shipping because the coastal shipping must include the effect of sightseeing in its system. In addition, the unique natural environment of Jeju Island maintains the capacity to provide a successful cruise ship course, located in the middle of China and Japan. Therefore well-planned investments are also expected for this purpose.
Recent trend of free trade worldwide promotes the need of innovating logistics related industry, which connects supplier and consumer. Now it can hardly be possible to achieve a successful economy without a proper logistics system to sustain the whole economic and industrial structure. Inefficient logistics chains and the wrong operation have only to fail the efficiency of the whole industrial system. Domestic economy can not be exceptional regarding this modern logistics and economy combination. Every developed and developing country on the Earth tries the best to develop and equip the required proper logistics system to minimize the social loss and environmental cost. China is the typical example in such efforts. The logistics chain that connects suppliers and end users, consists usually of such various modes as road transport, sea transport, air transport, etc, and these modes meet together at logistics nodes like sea/air ports. At these nodes, nodal delay frequently occurs due to numerous reasons, for example: improper cargo handling facility, low qualified labor, etc, which must result in decreased efficiency of the whole logistics chain, and in severe obstacles to the whole economy. In this regard, it can be the 1st available option to device or to propose a system to reduce the causes of the nodal delay at the inter modal junction, specifically, at the ports of Jeju and Mokpo in this research. Train ferry system and Roll on-Roll off (Ro-Ro) system are typical examples for such purpose.
The present cargo handling process in Jeju port is performed by small loading/unloading vehicles and cranes to pick up, carry, and stack freights or containers on decks and wharfs. Thus the present efficiency or the cargo handling productivity of Jeju port is so inefficient to cause intermodal delay. The situation at the port of Mokpo is about the same as Jeju port. This report recommends a Roll on-Roll off system that consists of a Ro-Ro ship and required wharf facility to accommodate freight trucks to/from ships and wharfs directly, and to minimize loading/unloading process. This system also reduces the traffics on the road to the logistics node. The simplified cargo handling process by Ro-Ro system can also simplify the port operation, which helps to systemize the whole port operation more easily. Train ferry is not proper since rail transportation is inefficient in the Jeju Island. For the time being, the 53 and 54 berths in the Jeju port can be used for the new Ro-Ro cargo service, while in the Mokpo port there is no available berth to meet the need. In the near future, it is not practical to operate a genuine Ro-Ro system in the Mokpo-Jeju route. Thus it is recommendable to use a intermediate system mixed with present cargo service and Ro-Ro system for smooth conversion. Though economical feasibility study is also needed to confirm the success of the proposed cargo handling system, it is not included in this report partly because enough data is hard to obtain for an individual coastal route, and partly because the actual shipping volumes may be too irregular and temporal to show any statistical characteristics. It is suggested that more profound research is needed including both processes of producing and analyzing data regarding this Jeju-Mokpo coastal shipping and for the development of its proper logistics system.
In accordance with the active progress of SSS and coastal shipping throughout the world economies, domestic coastal transportation becomes more popular as time passes. Under the present atmosphere, safety measure on coastal navigation becomes more important to meet the busy ship operation on the crowded coastal seas. For this purpose, required efforts have been made such as making laws and regulations, developing computerized safety control systems and man-powers to apply such laws and control systems. New organizations have been established to sustain the safety control on busy coastal logistics. Accidents on domestic seaways have been effectively reduced after the application of the ISM Code, a international regulation manual that restricts undue safety actions on ship operation. During 2000 - 2003, the ratio of ship wrecks became about 0.77%. Similar trend can be found on the coastal seas near Mokpo. During the last decade, the accident ratio reached the peak in 1999, and decreased sharply in 2000, and stays there since then. It is easy to anticipate that as times passes, coastal seaways will become more busy, ships will become bigger with better equipments. Accordingly timely actions need to be made. Establishing a multi purpose organization will make it easy and efficient to control the whole process regarding the coastal logistics.
After all, domestic coastal shipping will become the major logistics solution to meet the future transportation need in various aspects such as transportation traffic problem, environmental issues from gas emission, etc. since Korea is a peninsula with many islands and complex coastlines. This tendency will become more intensive with practical needs as time passes, and as life quality enhances. A successful logistics system quipped with best logistics chains must be indispensible to connect and combine regional economies to conform a whole successful economy like organic body and eventually to accomplish a affluent society. In this report, a logistical solution, in other words a Roll on-Roll off system, is suggested for the purpose of best Jeju-Mokpo shipping operation. This system will decrease the inter modal delay that frequently occurs in a logistics chain operation, and will increase the whole shipping efficiency to result in regional prosperity near Mokpo and Jeju. In addition, the present research on local logistical solution will benefit to derive similar solutions to many other coastal areas in the Korean Peninsula. Finally, it is suggested that new researches or more efforts are expected or must be appointed in near future to solve many difficulties still in this report since there may be many short-comings and contents far below, possibly, expected research outcomes.
목차
제1장 연안운송의 현황 및 전망
제2장 제주도 반출입 물류 데이터 수집 및 분석
제3장 제주도를 운항하는 연안항로 및 여객 화물 분석
제4장 해외 연안운송 사례 및 선박시스템 벤치마킹
제5장 제주도 및 목포 지역 해상운송 인프라
제6장 제주도-목포 항로에 적합한 육상/해상 복합운송시스템
제7장 연안 운항 안전 관리
제8장 요약 및 결론
참고문헌
부록
Abstract
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