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학술저널
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한국셰익스피어학회 Shakespeare Review Shakespeare Review Vol.37 No.2
발행연도
2001.6
수록면
401 - 420 (20page)

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Both Shakespeare and Spenser use Ovidian mythology as their reference when they work on the variations of deep-rooted psychological situations. In many cases in their respective works, these two poets deal with erotic relationships in their variegated forms. For example, the goddess Venus in Spenser is the patroness of life generating love, while in Shakespeare she is a kind of Amazoness preying upon the youthful Adonis for her own pleasure. Again, Spenser characteristically compares and contrasts one relationship to the similar one of other couples. Venus/Adonis love is comparable to Diana/Hippolytus relationship in many ways, but Diana's punishment of Actaeon is also linked to the goddess of hunting. Diana's transformation of Actaeon is the representative myth in Elizabethan England because it effectively examplifies the sin of over-curiousness or presumption on the part of Elizabeth's courtiers.
In Spenser's The Faerie Queene one Actaeon figure is Timias/Belphoebe ends up being a Diana figure, but she is, as Spenser himself indicates, an Elizabeth figure. Timias/Belphoebe relationship is again considered in the "Mutabilitie canto' as Faunus/Cynthia relationship. They both are allegorizations of Ralegh incident when he secretly married Elizabeth Throckmorton, betraying the queen's favor for Ralegh, Timias/Belphoebe relationship starts as a variation on Adonis/Venus myth when Belphoebe tends to the wounded hunter Timias, However, the Timias/Belphoebe relationship is parodied as the courtly romance between aggressive Venus and demure Adonis when it appears on the tapestry in the Castle Joyous, in the third book of The Faerie Queene.
Likewise, the goddess Diana is compared to Venus in her relationship with her inferior, Actaeon, when Spenser considers the problematic relationship between the queen and her subjects. Shakespeare, on the other hand, creates a dramatic Venus who is not exactly mythological, but resembles voluptuous heroines of his plays. In this way, a close reading of subtle differences in the use of tones and idioms can throw light upon the areas of thought which the poet insistently but not overtly wants to reveal.

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