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학술저널
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한국셰익스피어학회 Shakespeare Review Shakespeare Review Vol.41 No.3
발행연도
2005.9
수록면
417 - 439 (23page)

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Shakespeare deals with the multiple and hidden aspects of love and death in his early tragedy of Romeo and Juliet. In this play love is a madness, a malady, a quest, and a cult, while timeless death is, in its nocturnal metaphor, transformed into the eternal stellarization of mortal and sensual love. Shakespeare depicts from the very beginning of the play that mingling of contradictory elements of love and hate, peace and violence, day and night, and body and spirit. These mutually exclusive elements are not, as they might appear, absolutely and essentially compartmentalized, but they suffer metamorphoses to the contrary in the operations of time and seasonal cycles of nature. Metaphor is the linguistic device par excellence to express this metamorphic character of things and ever shifting meanings of words.
Oxymoron is the rhetorical device Shakespeare uses in this play predominantly of all others in order to dramatize the dialectical and dynamic nature of love and death. Oxymoron, or double-crossing, draws together of contrary elements to produce an unexpected sense of balance and some shocking recognition of seeming hidden truths of things. It is a kind of very witty and conceited play of words. However, here it is more than a witty word game. Rather it is a thematic device expressing the conflict and conflation of love and violent death. Oxymoron is also at the bottom of the structural development of the play, crossing comedy into tragedy, and tragedy into comedy in turn.
Romeo and Juliet achieve their consummation of love in death, not in copulation. To Romeo death is his rival lover, not the destroyer of love. As is seen in Juliet's sexually candid apostrophe to Night, the typical image of Death, Death is eagerly wished for as a lover. In this play of names, the definition of a word is turned into its opposite, as poison is called a medicine, a cordial, and a restorative. In this double crossing of two or more contradictory dimensions, one is cancelled out by the other, and a third new con-fusion is brought forth. If Romeo and Juliet's love is possible from the fatal loins of the family feud, their death is the jointure drawing together of two enemy hands into love. Oxymoron is the golden monuments, made of the jointure of Romeo and Juliet. Tomb and womb are more than rhyme's sake in this play of turnings and tropes. Oxymoron is the rhtorical device as well as the thematic and structural one of the play. It is assumed to be the main character in this tragedy.

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