Augustine's Understanding of the Means of Grace(Church) Revealed in the Donatist Controversy

Young Do Kim

Augustine's Understanding of the Means of Grace(Church) Revealed in the Donatist Controversy

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도나투스주의 논쟁에 나타난 어거스틴의 은총의 수단(교회) 이해

Type: Academic journal

Author: Young Do Kim

Journal: YOUNGNAM THEOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY AND SEMINARY Theology and Ministry Vol.24

Published: 2005.11

Pages: 53 - 82 (30page)

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Augustine's Understanding of the Means of Grace(Church) Revealed in the Donatist Controversy

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This study intends to explore the nature of the church articulated by Augustine during the Donatist controversy. Like other theological tenets, his ecclesiology was forged in the course of the rebaptismal controversy. The Donatists, having claimed themselves to be the offsprings of martyrs, seceded from the catholic church and established their own churches. They regarded the catholic church in which traitors had existed as the church of Judas and her sacraments as invalid. To Augustine's astonishment, they had rebaptized the believers coming from the catholic church. In the wake of their ecclesiastical assaults upon the catholic church, Augustine was obliged to defend the catholic faith.
For Augustine, the church had existed long before the advent of the Holy Spirit on the Pentecost. The church is not only Corpus Christi but also the House of God and the communication of the Spirit. Only in the church, therefore, human persons can be cleansed and saved, encountering the triune God.
Augustine asserts that there are two different aspects of the same church. One is historical, hierarchical, and visible; the other eschatological, spiritual, and invisible. They are not two different churches. Although an empirical church cannot be perfect in terms of her members, she is still holy. Even though she is a corpus permixtum on earth, she is still the only means through which saving grace is conferred by God. In short, he attacked the notion of the pure church of the Donatists.
For Augustine, without love no one can be saved. Moreover, love is the love of unity. He thought that because of the lack of love the Donatists deviated from the catholic church. He is the first theologian who made a distinction between heresy and schism. The former is to destroy the unity of truth; the latter the unity of love. According to rum, the latter is worse because it is to rend the body of Christ.
Augustine viewed universality as one of the fundamental characteristics of the church. For him, universality is not only geographical but also historical. Accordingly, the Donatist church which does not have a solidarity with other churches spread all over the world and possess the apostolic tradition inherited from the Apostles is not a true church.
Augustine argues that the holiness of the church is not of the members of the church but of Christ. Accordingly, sinners in the church do not contaminate others' holiness, nor do they the church. The sacraments deriver from Church. Therefore the presence of the imperfect in the church do not nullify them. In sum, he made an undivided assault upon the Donatists' unorthodox practice of rebaptism.
In light of jurisdiction, Augustine did not believe in the primary of the apostolic see. Yet, he rendered the sedes Petri as the symbol of the unity of the church and the bearer of the doctrinal authority. Thus a branch or the Donatist church which separated from the catholic church represented by the see of Rome does not possess life.

Ⅰ. 도입
Ⅱ. 도나투스주의의 기원
Ⅲ. 교회의 본질
Ⅳ. 결론
〈Abstract〉

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Fields Humanities > Religious Studies > Christian Theology

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UCI(KEPA) : I410-ECN-0100-2009-230-018284838

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