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This study undertakes to understand and trace the background and process of perception in Wallace Stevens' poetry in the light of epistemology. To do this I shall give a brief review of Stevens criticism and then try to relate Stevens' poetry to some philosophical theories such as empiricism, idealism, and intentionality of consciousness.
Young Wallace Stevens was preoccupied with the relation between reality and mind. Those who ponder what type of metaphysics Stevens was concerned with confront the philosophical bent in Stevens' poetry and prose. Those who find that Stevens is indeed a philosophical poet need to emphasize the abstract quality of Stevens' discourse and classify its precise domain.
John Locke argued that since only material things can affect our senses, we know nothing but matter, and must accept a materialistic philosophy. George Berkeley refuted this by insisting that all of our knowledge of anything is merely our sensation of it and that ideas are derived from this sensation. David Hume said that the mind is not a substance, but an organ that has ideas. The result appeared to be that Hume had as effectually destroyed mind as Berkeley had destroyed matter.
At the very outset, Kant challenged Locke and the English school, asserting that knowledge is not all derived from the senses. According to him, experience is by no means the only field to which our understanding can be confined. Experience tells us what is, but not that it must necessarily be what it is.
It is not that Kant ever doubted the existence of "matter" and the external world; but he adds that we know nothing certain about them except that they exist. Kant's merit is the distinction of the phenomenon from the thing itself.
According to Husserl, all consciousness is consciousness of something. The act of thinking and the object of thought are internally related and inter-dependent. To establish certainty, then, we must first of all ignore, or "put in brackets", anything which is beyond our immediate experience; we must reduce the external world to the contents of our consciousness alone. The perception of chaos comes for Stevens when reality seems void of meaning and without emotional connection with the mind.
Young Wallace Stevens was preoccupied with the relation between reality and mind. Those who ponder what type of metaphysics Stevens was concerned with confront the philosophical bent in Stevens' poetry and prose. Those who find that Stevens is indeed a philosophical poet need to emphasize the abstract quality of Stevens' discourse and classify its precise domain.
John Locke argued that since only material things can affect our senses, we know nothing but matter, and must accept a materialistic philosophy. George Berkeley refuted this by insisting that all of our knowledge of anything is merely our sensation of it and that ideas are derived from this sensation. David Hume said that the mind is not a substance, but an organ that has ideas. The result appeared to be that Hume had as effectually destroyed mind as Berkeley had destroyed matter.
At the very outset, Kant challenged Locke and the English school, asserting that knowledge is not all derived from the senses. According to him, experience is by no means the only field to which our understanding can be confined. Experience tells us what is, but not that it must necessarily be what it is.
It is not that Kant ever doubted the existence of "matter" and the external world; but he adds that we know nothing certain about them except that they exist. Kant's merit is the distinction of the phenomenon from the thing itself.
According to Husserl, all consciousness is consciousness of something. The act of thinking and the object of thought are internally related and inter-dependent. To establish certainty, then, we must first of all ignore, or "put in brackets", anything which is beyond our immediate experience; we must reduce the external world to the contents of our consciousness alone. The perception of chaos comes for Stevens when reality seems void of meaning and without emotional connection with the mind.
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월러스 스티븐스(Wallace Stevens)의 시론에서 동양 시학적인 요소
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