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This article inquires into the problem how Nanzhong Daxing (南中大姓), local elites of Nanzhong (南中) region (Yunnan Province today), grew up politically in the Three Kingdoms (三國) and Jin (晉) period. In this period, Chinese dynasties set up Laixiang dudu fu (?降都督府), Nanyi xiaowei fu (南夷校尉府), and Ningzhou prefecture (寧州) in succession. I propose that the establishment of Ningzhou, a frontier prefecture (邊州, bianzhou) of Chinese empires, reflects the political growth of Nanzhong Daxing (南中大姓).
After Zhugeliang (諸葛亮)'s subjugation of Nanzhong region, Laixiang dudu fu organized “Nanren” (南人, Southerners), Daxing (大姓) and Yishuai (夷帥) of Nanzhong. The ShuHan (蜀漢) government encouraged Daxing (大姓) to organize more ‘Yihan-buqu (夷漢部曲)’, private units (Buqu, 部曲) which consisted of Chinese and “barbarians,” by guaranteeing their hereditary rights to be a government official and to control the Buqu. Nanyi xiaowei fu, which was established in 284, built up management system to control “barbarian” tribes by commanding ‘58 bu yizu doujian 夷族都監 (supervisors for 58 “barbarian” tribes).’ I would emphasize that the Jin government made use of Daxing famiies in ruling Nanzhong region by nominating sons of Daxing famiies as ‘doujian’. During the rebellion of Daxing and Yishuai of Nanzhong in 302, the Ningzhou prefecture was established again, and the regional Inspector (cishi 刺史) of Ningzhou came to hold the title of Nanyi xiaowei(南夷校尉) concurrently with a position of general. At that time, Chenghan (成漢), a local power of Sichuan which rose in Bashu (巴蜀), gave Nanzhong Daxing a new chance; Daxing families could occupy important posts in Ningzhou prefecture, and some of them even were appointed to taishou (太守).
The establishment of the Zhou (州) in the frontier prefecture of Chinese empires suggests the existence of human and material resources that could manage a government office at Zhou level. The establishment of the frontier prefecture, Ningzhou, depended on Nanzhong Daxing's political growth. Establishments of Laixiang dudu fu, Nanyi xiaowei fu, and Ningzhou prefecture also accelerated Nanzhong Daxing's political growth. In these conditions, the sudden decline of Chinese dominance brought about rising of ‘Xicuan guo (西?國).’
After Zhugeliang (諸葛亮)'s subjugation of Nanzhong region, Laixiang dudu fu organized “Nanren” (南人, Southerners), Daxing (大姓) and Yishuai (夷帥) of Nanzhong. The ShuHan (蜀漢) government encouraged Daxing (大姓) to organize more ‘Yihan-buqu (夷漢部曲)’, private units (Buqu, 部曲) which consisted of Chinese and “barbarians,” by guaranteeing their hereditary rights to be a government official and to control the Buqu. Nanyi xiaowei fu, which was established in 284, built up management system to control “barbarian” tribes by commanding ‘58 bu yizu doujian 夷族都監 (supervisors for 58 “barbarian” tribes).’ I would emphasize that the Jin government made use of Daxing famiies in ruling Nanzhong region by nominating sons of Daxing famiies as ‘doujian’. During the rebellion of Daxing and Yishuai of Nanzhong in 302, the Ningzhou prefecture was established again, and the regional Inspector (cishi 刺史) of Ningzhou came to hold the title of Nanyi xiaowei(南夷校尉) concurrently with a position of general. At that time, Chenghan (成漢), a local power of Sichuan which rose in Bashu (巴蜀), gave Nanzhong Daxing a new chance; Daxing families could occupy important posts in Ningzhou prefecture, and some of them even were appointed to taishou (太守).
The establishment of the Zhou (州) in the frontier prefecture of Chinese empires suggests the existence of human and material resources that could manage a government office at Zhou level. The establishment of the frontier prefecture, Ningzhou, depended on Nanzhong Daxing's political growth. Establishments of Laixiang dudu fu, Nanyi xiaowei fu, and Ningzhou prefecture also accelerated Nanzhong Daxing's political growth. In these conditions, the sudden decline of Chinese dominance brought about rising of ‘Xicuan guo (西?國).’
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