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초록· 키워드
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W. H. Auden led young intelligent English minds in a drive against social evil in 1930s. But he suddenly immigrated into America in January 1939, and disappointed his followers, which is a turning point of his values from secular to religious. In the very year he wrote biographical poems on four authors of thought: Voltaire, Arnold, Pascal, and Melville. Voltaire and Arnold continued fighting against social evil, while Pascal and Melville, Auden thought, justifiably changed their pursuit from secular faith to religious one. The poems on the first two forerunners end in a negative tone, and the heroes of the poems are expected to be defeated in the struggles against social evil in the long run. Oppositely, the poet’s attitude to Pascal and Melville is positive. This fact puts out an hypothesis that Auden may write his own spiritual history in the second set of poems. But Auden discarded “Pascal” in later editions. Therefore the present essay intends to select “Herman Melville” among the four poems and read it in the light of a kind of the poet’s autobiography.
In the poem, the sea adventure meets a turning point where the hero awakes from a nightmare in which he has fought against Moby-Dick. So we can conclude that Auden’s life in England is to his immigration into America what the hero’s nightmare is to his awakening in the poem. The circular course of the hero’s adventure from home through the monster hunting in the ocean to home again coincides the circular course of Auden’s thought change from faith in Christian God through Freudian psychoanalysis and Marxism to Kierkegaardian Christianity. Accordingly the course forms a dialectical change of thesis through antithesis to synthesis.
In the poem, the sea adventure meets a turning point where the hero awakes from a nightmare in which he has fought against Moby-Dick. So we can conclude that Auden’s life in England is to his immigration into America what the hero’s nightmare is to his awakening in the poem. The circular course of the hero’s adventure from home through the monster hunting in the ocean to home again coincides the circular course of Auden’s thought change from faith in Christian God through Freudian psychoanalysis and Marxism to Kierkegaardian Christianity. Accordingly the course forms a dialectical change of thesis through antithesis to synthesis.
목차
Ⅰ. 서론
Ⅱ. 백경 추구: 영국 생활
Ⅲ. 기독교적 실존주의: 미국생활
Ⅳ. 결론
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〈Abstract〉
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