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Fuel stratification process has been investigated in the cylinder of an axially stratified engine by visualizing fuel behavior. Planar laser light sheet from an Nd:YAG laser has been illuminated through the transparent quartz cylinder of the single cylinder optical engine and the Mie scattered light has been captured through the quartz window in the piston head with an ICCD camera. Fuel has been replaced with an air-ethanol mixture to utilize atomized fuel spray for the visualization purposes.
Swirl ratio has been changed by replacing cylinder head with a different swirl number and injection time has also been changed to affect fuel stratification. For lower swirl number ports. the fuel stayes in the upper part of the cylinder. Small tumble moving upward was observed in the middle of the cylinder inducing another kind of fuel stratification. This could explain the lean mixture limit (LML) expansion previously observed during the engine performance tests. For higher swirl number ports. the fuel injected during the intake process flows along the cylinder wall and fuel distribution of band shape was formed and lasted up to the end of compression process. Fuel induced into the cylinder near the end of intake process did not move far into the cylinder and remained in the upper area of combustion chamber resulting in axial fuel stratification.

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UCI(KEPA) : I410-ECN-0101-2009-556-014117986