Green tea is a representative health food that is consumed worldwide. As such, Camellia sinensis (C. sinensis) is cultivated and produced in many regions and used in various industries such as food, cosmetics, and tourism. In this study, the physiological properties of five different parts (leaves, branches, flowers, seeds, and roots) of C. sinensis were compared to determine the possibility of using other parts in addition to the leaves of C. sinensis. A 70% ethanol extract for each part of C. sinensis was prepared and yield, total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, DPPH, TEAC, FRAP, ORAC, α-glucosidase, tyrosinase inhibitory activity, elastase inhibitory activity, antibacterial activity against Propionibacterium acnes, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) component analysis, UVB-induced cell damage protection was evaluated and compared. The yield was the highest in flowers and leaves, and the total phenolic content was high in the order of leaves, roots, branches, flowers, and seeds. The total flavonoid content was the highest in the leaves, and there was no significant difference between the remaining parts. Antioxidant experiments including DPPH, TEAC, FRAP and ORAC showed a similar tendency to the total phenolic content. The α-glucosidase activity showed a higher rate of inhibition than that of acarbose, a hypoglycemic agent, in all parts except for the seeds which had no activity, and the highest inhibition rate was noted in the roots. The tyrosinase inhibitory activity was high in the leaves, flowers, and roots, and elastase had high inhibition activity rates in the roots, leaves, and branches. Antibacterial activity against P. acnes was high in the leaves and roots, followed by the branches and flowers, but no antibacterial activity was observed in the seeds. The trend of antibacterial activity was very similar to that of total phenolic content and antioxidant activity. HPLC was used to determine the catechin compounds and it was confirmed that EGC and EGCG were most concentrated in leaves, and EC, GCG, and GC contents were varyingly dispersed across all parts. In the evaluation of the protective effect again UVB irradiation cell damage, the experimental group treated with the seed extract in HaCaT cells showed good efficacy. In Detroit cells, it was confirmed that the survival rate was improved in most of the experimental groups treated with the extract, and the survival rate was especially high in the seeds and flowers. The results of this experiment indicate that various parts of C. sinensis such as flowers, roots, branches, and seeds other than the leaves can be used as cosmetic raw materials. In conclusion, C. sinensis leaves, branches, flowers, seeds, and roots have different physiological activities and their value in the use of health functional food and cosmetics is high.