목차

Contents
I. Introduction 11
1. Significance of Study 11
2. Purpose of Overall Study 15
3. Hypothesis of Overall Study 15
II. Study I 16
1. Study Background 16
1.1. Definition of Resistance Exercise 16
1.2 Conventional Resistance Exercise 16
1.3 Eccentric Exercise 17
1.4 Resistance Exercise in Old Adults 18
2. Purpose of Study & Hypothesis 19
3. Research Design 20
4. Methods and Materials 21
4.1 Participants 21
4.2 Physical Performance Test 23
4.3 Exercise Program 26
4.4 Statistical Analysis 31
5. Results 32
5.1 Body composition 32
5.2 Gait speed test 35
5.3 Stair climb test 36
5.4 Chair stand test 37
5.5 Short physical performance battery 38
5.6 Isometric strength test 40
5.7 Isokinetic strength test 41
5.8 Power test 42
5.9 Eccentric strength test 43
6. Discussion 44
III. Study II 47
1. Study Background 47
1.1 The Feature of Single Muscle Fiber 47
1.2 Single Muscle Fiber Contractility and Exercise Affect to Older Adults 49
1.3 The Benefits of Eccentric Contraction for Older Adult 50
2. Purpose of Study & Hypothesis 51
3. Methods and Materials 52
3.1 Participants 52
3.2 Muscle Biopsy 53
4. Experimental Measurement 55
4.1 Body Composition 55
4.2 Single Muscle Fiber Contractile Properties 56
4.3 MHC Determination 58
4.4 Statistical Analysis 60
5. Results 61
5.1 Number of myosin heavy chain isoform composition between single muscle fiber types by group 61
5.2 Cross sectional area (Type II) 62
5.3 Peak force (Type II) 63
5.4 Specific force (Type II) 64
5.5 Shortening velocity (Type II) 65
5.6 Cross sectional area (Type I) 66
5.7 Peak force (Type I) 67
5.8 Specific force (Type I) 68
5.9 Shortening velocity (Type I) 69
5.10 Correlation between gait speed and single muscle fibers 70
5.11 Correlation between isokinetic strength and single muscle fibers 73
6. Discussion 76
7. Conclusion 80
References 81
국문초록 91