본 연구의 목적은 긍정 심리 프로그램이 스포츠 손상 선수의 정서, 자아존중감, 행복 및 재활 능력에 미치는 영향을 검증하는 것이다. 본 프로그램은 스포츠 손상 선수 34명을 대상으로 개방형 질문지를 통한 요구분석 자료, 관련 선행연구 고찰 및 전문가 자문 자료를 통합하여 개발되었다. 본 연구에서 긍정 심리 프로그램은 총 8회기로 구성되었으며, 주 1-2회, 50~60분씩 진행되었다. 긍정 심리 프로그램의 세부 활동 내용은 오리엔테이션, 음미하기, 감사하기, 강점 찾기, 주의집중력, 루틴, 희망 고취하기, 종결로 구성되었다. 본 연구에서 개발된 긍정 심리 프로그램은 스포츠 손상 선수 14명을 대상으로 적용되었다. 본 프로그램의 효과를 검증하기 위해 긍정정서 및 부정정서 검사지, 자아존중감 검사지, 행복 검사지, 재활 능력 검사지를 활용하였으며, 프로그램에 대한 연구 참여자들의 인식 및 평가를 심층적으로 분석하기 위해 프로그램 종결 후 프로그램 평가지를 활용하였다. 수집된 양적 자료는 SPSS 23.0 version을 통해 대응표본 t 검증을 실시하였으며 통계적 유의확률 p<.05 로 설정되었다. 수집된 질적 자료는 귀납적 범주 분석 절차에 따라서 분석되었다. 본 연구에서 얻은 양적 효과 검증 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 긍정 심리 프로그램은 스포츠 손상 선수의 긍정정서를 통계적으로 유의하게 증가시키는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 긍정 심리 프로그램은 스포츠 손상 선수의 부정정서에 통계적으로 유의한 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 긍정 심리 프로그램은 스포츠 손상 선수의 자아존중감을 통계적으로 유의하게 증가시키는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 긍정 심리 프 로그램은 스포츠 손상 선수의 행복을 통계적으로 유의하게 증가시키는 것으로 나타났다. 다섯째, 긍정 심리 프로그램은 스포츠 손상 선수의 재활능력을 통계적으로 유의하게 증가시키는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 프로그램 평가지 내 서술식 응답 내용 분석 결과 긍정 심리 프로그램 구성 내 스포츠 손상 선수들이 만족한 회기는 5회기(주의집중력)> 6회기(루틴)> 2회기(음미하기), 3회기(감사하기), 7회기(희망 고취하기) 순으로 나타났으며, 회기 만족 이유는 경기력 증가, 재활 능력 증가, 부정정서 감소, 긍정정서 증가, 자아존중감 증가, 행복 증가 요인 순으로 나타났다. 셋째, 프로그램 평가지 내 프로그램 활동 및 내용에 관한 건의사항 응답내용 분석 결과 7회기(희망 고취하기)> 3회기(감사하기), 6회기(루틴) 순으로 나타났으며, 이유는 프로그램 회기의 시간 부족, 표현 및 적용의 어려움으로 나타났다. 따라서 회기의 구성 내용 및 시간, 실천과제를 추후 프로그램 수정 및 보완 시 고려해서 적용한다면 스포츠 손상 선수들의 긍정 심리 프로그램 만족도를 높일 수 있을 것이다.
The purpose of this study in to examine the effect of positive psychology program on the emotion, self-esteem, happiness and rehabilitation ability of injured athletes. This program conducts demand analysis through an open questionnaire for 34 injured athletes, It was developed based on an integrated analysis based on a review of previous studies(psychological characteristics of injured athletes, positive psychological interventions and positive psychology programs) and expert meetings. This positive psychology program consisted of a total of 8 week for 50~60 minutes. The detailed activity content consists of orientation, savoring, gratitude, finding strengths, attention, routine, encouraging hope, and closing. The positive psychology program developed in this study was applied to 14 injured athletes. In order to verify the effectiveness of this program, quantitative tools were measured before and after using Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule(PANAS), Self-Esteem Scale(SES), Happiness, and Rehabilitation Capability Questionnaire(RCQ). In order to analyze the evaluation more in-depth, we tried to obtain additional information by using the program evaluation paper, which is a qualitative tool after program completion. The collected quantitative data were analyzed at the level of statistical significance p<.05 through SPSS 23.0 version, and the qualitative data were analyzed according to the inductive category analysis procedure. The quantitative effect verification results obtained in this study are as follows. First, the positive psychology program was found to significantly increase the positive emotions of injured athletes. Second, it was found that the positive psychology program did not have a statistically significant effect on the negative emotions of injured athletes. Third, the positive psychology program was found to significantly increase th self-esteem of injured athletes. Fourth, the positive psychology program was found to significantly increase th happiness of injured athletes. Fifth, the positive psychology program was found to significantly increase the rehabilitation ability of injured athletes. The qualitative effect verification results obtained in this study are as follows. First, as a result of analyzing the multiple-choice responses in the program evaluation sheet, it was confimed that this program increased positive emotions, decreased megative emotions, increased self-esteem, increased happiness, and increased rehabilitation capability of injured athletes. Second, as a result of the analzing the narrative reponses content in the program evaluation sheet, the sessions in which injured athletes were satisfied with in the positive psychology program were: the session 5(attention)> session 6(routine)> session 2(savoring), session 3(gratitude), and session 7(instilling hope), and the reasons for satisfaction with the session were in order of increase in performance, increase in rehabilitation capacity, decrease in negative emotions, increase in positive emotion, increase in self-esteem, and increase in happiness. Third, as result of analyzing the contents of responses to suggestions on program activities and contents in the program evaluation paper, the session 7(instilling hope)> session 3(gratitude), and session 6(routine) were found in the order of the lack of time for the program session It appeared to be difficult to express and apply. Therefore, if the composition, time, and action tasks of the aforementioned session are considered and applied when modifying and supplementing the program in the future, it suggests the possibility that the program satisfaction of injured athletes can be increased.
목차
국문요약 · ⅰ목차 · ⅲ표 목차 · ⅴ그림 목차 · ⅶⅠ. 서론 · 11. 연구의 필요성 ···································································································· 12. 연구의 목적 ········································································································ 63. 연구 가설 ············································································································ 74. 용어의 정의 ········································································································ 8Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 · 101. 스포츠 손상 선수의 심리적 특성 ································································ 102. 긍정 심리학 ······································································································ 18Ⅲ. 연구 방법 · 231. 연구 참여자 ······································································································ 232. 조사 도구 ·········································································································· 263. 연구 절차 ·········································································································· 304. 자료 분석 ·········································································································· 32Ⅳ. 연구 결과 · 331. 긍정 심리 프로그램 개발 ·············································································· 332. 긍정 심리 프로그램 효과 검증 ···································································· 63Ⅴ. 논의 · 73Ⅵ. 결론 및 제언 · 84참고 문헌 · 88부 록 · 104Abstract · 143