As LED(light emitting diode) lighting has been growing in lighting business, certification requests from domestic and foreign enterprises are increasing dramatically. Among certification items, electrical and photobiological safety requirements are most important issues preventing electric shock, fire, temporal light artefacts (TLAs), light hazard on human body, etc. To meet those requirements, international standards on LED lightings have been developed to regulate current leakage, electric insulation, flicker, UV or blue light, and so on. In this study, various characteristics including electrical and photobiological safety of LED applications as well as evaluation of test items for LED devices were investigated and analyzed. Especially, three types of important LED products under the regulation standards were reviewed for the characteristics, tested according to the standards, and suggested to improve the measurement methods of the standards.

First, we examined the flicker regulation on LED lighting devices to be considered as potential hazards on human heath and measured the flicker characteristics of 82 LED lighting devices that must meet the KC safety standards for the LED devices sold on the market. At the aspects of design and manufacturing methods of general low-cost products, most converters of the LED lighting equipments use an non-insulated AC-DC converter circuit, resulting in large fluctuation of light output and occurrence of light missing section. Based on the results, a plan for applying the flicker regulation standard applied to actual LED lighting equipment was proposed.

Second, development of an embedded LED flashlight that replaces the conventional embedded flashlight of Xenon lamp installed on the airport runway was carried out. Through selecting LED elements, designing lens and prism, upper and lower lamp, and driving circuit, optical characteristics (luminosity) can be satisfied to all of the domestic aviation lighting installation and technical standards, the ICAO standards, and the FAA standards. In addition, through the evaluation of electrical, optical, and reliability characteristics it was confirmed that the developed LED product satisfies the domestic and international aviation lighting standards, saves energy by 40 %, and lasts 30 times longer than the conventional Xenon flashlight.

Third, safety evaluation was conducted for LED mask products purchased on the market to review the electrical and photobiological safety items commonly prescribed in the LED mask standard established by the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety and the National Council in 2020. Based on the standard of LED mask, test method was improved to measure spectral irradiance and spectral radiance at the distance of less than 200 mm, that is the intentional distance, by designing and fabricating optical jigs. With the improved method, totally 152 measurements were achieved for the electrical and photobiological safety characteristics of the 12 mask models with the 38 operation modes and the measurement results were listed with the detailed data.