The purpose of this study was conducted to describe the vision-related quality of life, Anxiety and depression, stress coping, eye health behavior on retinal disease patients who Intravitreal Injection, and to identify the factors that affect it.
Data were collected from August 16, 2019 to March 25, 2020 from 105 outpatients who were diagnosed with macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy at an university hospital in Changwon. Data were analyzed using real number and percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe post-hoc test, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and multiple regression using the SPSS 25.0 program.
The results of this study were summarized as follows.
1. The general characteristics of retinal disease patients who Intravitreal Injection were as follows. The average age of the subjects was 61.93±9.94 years, and male accounted for 68.6%. By age group, 50s accounted for 40%, 56.2% of those with jobs, and 74.3% of those with high school graduates or higher in education. Subjective economic status was moderate, accounting for 61.9%. As a result of clinical characteristics, the average duration of disease was 2.56±2.42 years, the average duration of Intravitreal injection was 2.23±2.08 years, and the average number of Intravitreal injection was 10.23±9.22.
2. In terms of the Vision-related quality of life, anxiety and depression, stress coping, eye health behavior by retinal disease patients, the Vision-related quality of life score was 76.38±14.48 points out of 100. The score of anxiety was 3.59±3.48 points out of 21, and depression was 6.39±4.68 points out of 21. The score of stress coping was 2.62±0.62 points out of 5, with scores of the subcategories emotion-focused coping 2.35±0.63 points (range 1-5), problem-focused coping 2.93±0.80 points (range 1-5). The score of eye health behavior 3.74±0.65 points out of 5.
3. The degrees of Vision-related quality of life according to general characteristics of the subjects showed significant differences in age(F=3.01, p=.034), subjective economic status(F=5.83, p=.004). The degrees of Vision-related quality of life according to clinical characteristics of the subjects showed significant differences biocular morbidity(t=-3.04, p=.003).
4. The vision-related quality of life on retinal disease patients who Intravitreal Injection showed significant positive correlation with age(r=.24, p=.012) and negative correlation with anxiety(r=-.66, p<.001), depression(r=-.48, p<.001), emotion-focused coping(r=-.20, p=.036).
5. As a result of hierarchical regression analysis, it was found that anxiety(β=-.57, p<.001), subjective economic status-normal(β=.31, p=.009), subjective economic status-enough(β=.31, p=.012), the eye with better visual acuity(β=-.24, p=010) explained vision-related quality of life on retinal disease patients who Intravitreal Injection with 52.2%(F=13.08, p<.001, R2=.522).
In conclusion, the factors affecting vision-related quality of life on retinal disease patients who Intravitreal Injection were anxiety, subjective economic status, the eye with better visual acuity. Based on the result of this study, it is necessary to continue the interest and intervention according to the psychological factors such as anxiety that can be felt in the treatment process to improve the quality of life related to the retinal disease patients receiving Intravitreal injection.