This study aims to develop the landscape planning methods based on the classification and evaluation of landscape units for Gwangmyeong Siheung district in Gyeonggi-do and Shindong district in Daejeon Metropolitan City. The greatest significance was given to the search. The summary of the research results are as follows.
1) As a result of the classification of landscape units for the Gwangmyeong Siheung District, there were a total of nine landscape unit types (large category), a total of 26 landscape unit types (middle category), and 59 detailed landscape unit types (small category). In the case of distribution by landscape unit type, the paddy field (FA) and field cropland (FB) types were biased to the right of the study area, and the surrounding forests (GB01) were evenly distributed throughout the site. Next, as a result of the classification of landscape units for Sindong District, there were a total of 9 landscape unit types (large category), 24 landscape unit types (middle category), and 56 landscape unit types (small category). Looking at the distribution status of each landscape unit type, the enclosed small forest (G) was mainly distributed in the south and southeast of the study site. In particular, both study sites showed high frequency of appearance of natural type landscape units such as paddy field (FA), field (FB), and natural forest (EA), while ecologically high wetland (DA01) and swamp (DB01) ) Was analyzed to be low.
2) As a result of the first evaluation in terms of biotop conservation and species applied with BVAT, 13 types of landscape units, such as broad-leaved mixed forest (EA02), were evaluated in the Gwangmyeong Siheung district. As a result of the second evaluation, 59 landscape units (1a, 1b) with special meaning for species and biotop conservation were analyzed, and 53 landscape units (2a, 2b, 2c) with significance for species and biotop conservation were analyzed. As a result of the first evaluation of the Sindong district, a total of 12 grades, including I, were natural vegetation-rich rivers (BA01). As a result of the second evaluation, 30 landscape units (1a, 1b) with special significance for species and biotop conservation were analyzed, and 60 landscape units (2a, 2b, 2c) with significance for species and biotop conservation were analyzed. As a result of the comparative analysis, there was a big difference in the area ratio corresponding to class I because of the spatial characteristics of the Sindong district.
3) As a result of the first evaluation in terms of recreation and natural experience applying BVAT, 15 types of landscape units, such as artificial streams (BB01), rich in vegetation were analyzed for the type of landscape units rated as I in Gwangmyeong Siheung district. As a result of the second evaluation, 56 landscape units (1a, 1b) with special meanings for recreation and nature experiences were found, and 59 landscape units (2a, 2b, 2c) with meanings for recreation and nature experiences. As a result of the first evaluation of the Sindong district, the types of detailed landscape units rated as class II were analyzed with a total of eight, including vegetation-rich natural ditch and silgaecheon (BA02). As a result of the second evaluation, 30 landscape units (1a, 1b) with special meanings for recreation and nature experiences were analyzed, and 67 landscape units (2a, 2b, 2c) with meanings for recreation and nature experiences were analyzed. As a result of comparative analysis, there were a total of four landscape unit types, such as giant trees (GC01), showing differences in the primary evaluation results.
4) As a result of the first evaluation in the visual aspect of applying BVAT, a total of 12 landscape unit types rated as Grade I in the Gwangmyeong Siheung District, including forest-type agricultural reservoirs (CA01). As a result of the second evaluation, a total of 67 landscape units (1a, 1b) with a special meaning in the visual aspect and 46 landscape units (2a, 2b, 2c) with a meaning in the visual aspect were analyzed. In the Sindong district, 12 types of landscape units evaluated as Grade I were analyzed, including broad-leaved mixed forest (EA02). As a result of the second evaluation, it was analyzed that 39 landscape units (1a, 1b) with special meaning in the visual aspect and 56 landscape units (2a, 2b, 2c) with meaning in the visual aspect were found. As a result of comparative analysis, Shindong district was evaluated to have better visual quality than Gwangmyeong Siheung district in most secondary evaluations.
5) The landscape plan consists of setting improvement targets and detailed implement plans in all three aspects. First, in the case of Gwangmyeong Siheung district, 32 conservation areas were selected as a result of setting improvement goals. As a result of the detailed implement plan, 23 natural reserves were selected. As a result of setting improvement goals in the Sindong district, a total of 12 conservation areas were found. As a result of the detailed implement plan analysis, 10 natural reserves were selected. As a result of comparative analysis of the results of the detailed implement plan, there were differences in the method of installing ecological pathways due to different site conditions.
6) As a result of setting improvement goals for the Gwangmyeong Siheung District in terms of recreation and nature experience, a total of 48 recreation and nature experience preservation areas and 20 recreation and nature experience supplement areas were selected. As a result of setting improvement goals for the Sindong district, a total of 18 development areas were selected. As a result of the detailed implement plan, a total of 21 recreation and natural experience conservation areas were selected. As a result of comparative analysis of the detailed implement plan results, it was reasonable to create a dynamic activity type in the Gwangmyeong Siheung district and a static recreation type and a natural ecology experience type in the Gwangmyeong Siheung district.
7) As a result of setting the improvement goals of the Gwangmyeong Siheung District in the visual aspect, 38 conservation areas were selected. As a result of applying the detailed implement plan, a total of 20 general light management areas were selected. As a result of setting improvement goals in the Sindong district, 18 conservation areas were selected. As a result of analyzing the detailed implement plan, it was found that there were 15 regions that needed visually good hill maintenance and management. As a result of comparative analysis of the results of the detailed implement plan, especially in the Sindong district, the frequency of occurrence of small surrounded forests is low, and preservation measures are needed.
8) As a result of comparative analysis with the legal and institutional contents related to the district unit landscape plan, first, in terms of the contents of the landscape plan, this study sets the plan contents in the multifunctional aspect of the landscape. It was found that the central plan was to improve the landscape from a visual perspective. Second, in terms of the approach of landscape planning, this study was looking at the landscape from a contemplative perspective through a field transcendental approach. Third, in terms of the basic data (drawings) of the landscape plan, it was found that the contents related to the preparation of the basic drawings necessary for the establishment of the landscape plan were very insufficient in the current legal contents related to the landscape plan. It is analyzed that the classification and evaluation drawings of landscape units performed in this study can serve as important basic data that can be linked with landscape planning.
The results of this study, as described above, specify and reestablish the contents of multi-functional aspects of landscape through transcendental approaches, such as conservation of species and biotop, recreational and natural experiences, and non-visual aspects. In addition, by presenting and re-establishing how to prepare the basic drawings that are required to actually promote the contents of this landscape plan, the district unit landscape planning technique applicable to the whole country was proposed. The results of this study are expected to provide a new direction to induce the existing district-level landscape plan into a natural environment and landscape-friendly.
However, it is a landscape plan that can be expanded and applied to the spatial scale at the autonomous district, the whole city, and the regional (provincial / provincial) level, away from the spatial scale of various district unit development such as urban regeneration projects, residential land development projects, and residential complex redevelopment projects. It is considered that research on methods and standardized model development will need to be carried out continuously.