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학술연구/단체지원/교육 등 연구자 활동을 지속하도록 DBpia가 지원하고 있어요.
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본 연구는 지속적 장기 저성장으로 인한 국내경제의 침체로 청소년의 실업률이 역대 최고치를 경신한 가운데 정부는 이에 대한 대책의 일환으로 청소년의 창업에 많은 관심을 가지기 시작했으며 이와 관련한 지원제도의 일환으로 일부 고등학교의 비즈쿨 교육 및 일부 대학을 창업선도대학으로 지정해 창업을 독려하고 있다. 이러한 취업의 대안으로 제시되는 청소년의 창업에 대한 필요성 및 중요성이 증대됨에 따라 청소년의 창업의지에 미치는 요인들에 주목하게 되었다. 이에 따라, 본 연구에서는 취업이 중심이라 할 수 있는 특성화고등학교인 부산세무고등학교에 재학 중인 학생들을 대상으로 기업가정신 및 창업교육이 창업의지에 미치는 영향을 실증적으로 검증하고자 한다. 특히 이러한 영향력에 있어 부산세무고등학교 학생들에게 창업지원그룹의 특성이 미치는 차별적인 영향을 함께 살펴보고자 한다. 이를 위해 부산세무고등학교에 재학 중인 1, 2, 3학년 학생들을 대상으로 2018년 11월 22일부터 11월 27일까지 6일 동안 총 200부의 설문지를 배포하여 그 중 155부를 회수하였고 이 중 부실하게 표기된 5부를 제외한 150부의 설문지를 대상으로 실증분석을 실시하였으며, 결과는 다음과 같다.
첫째, 부산세무고등학교 학생들에게 기업가정신으로서 혁신성은 창업의지에 정(+) 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으나 성취욕구, 위험감수성, 진취성은 유의미한 영향을 미치지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 대학생 등 청소년들을 대상으로 한 선행연구들이 강조하는 바와 같이 성취욕구, 위험감수성, 혁신성, 진취성이 높을수록 창업의도 역시 높아진다는 결과가 부산세무고등학교 학생들에게 일부 다르게 나타난 것으로 이에 대한 추가 연구가 필요해 보인다. 둘째, 창업지원그룹과 창업자금 지원여부의 조절효과를 검증한 결과 검증한 결과 창업지원그룹과 창업자금 지원여부는 성취욕구, 위험감수성, 혁신성, 진취성과 창업의도 사이의 관계를 정(+)의 방향으로 조절하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 성취욕구, 위험감수성, 혁신성, 진취성이 창업의지에 미치는 긍정적인 영향이 부산세무고등학교 학생들이 보유한 창업지원그룹과 창업자금 지원여부 의해 더욱 강화된다는 것을 보여준다. 셋째, 부모의 창업경험 유무는 부산세무고등학교 학생들의 창업의지에 정(+)의 효과를 나타냈으나 창업교육 및 성별차이는 창업의지에 통계적으로 유의한 영향을 미치는 않는 것으로 나타났다.
본 연구의 결과는 그동안 상대적으로 관심을 받지 못했던 특성화고등학교 학생들의 기업가정신 및 창업교육에 관한 후속 연구를 진행함에 있어 의미 있는 이론적. 실무적 시사점을 제공할 것으로 기대된다.
첫째, 부산세무고등학교 학생들에게 기업가정신으로서 혁신성은 창업의지에 정(+) 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으나 성취욕구, 위험감수성, 진취성은 유의미한 영향을 미치지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 대학생 등 청소년들을 대상으로 한 선행연구들이 강조하는 바와 같이 성취욕구, 위험감수성, 혁신성, 진취성이 높을수록 창업의도 역시 높아진다는 결과가 부산세무고등학교 학생들에게 일부 다르게 나타난 것으로 이에 대한 추가 연구가 필요해 보인다. 둘째, 창업지원그룹과 창업자금 지원여부의 조절효과를 검증한 결과 검증한 결과 창업지원그룹과 창업자금 지원여부는 성취욕구, 위험감수성, 혁신성, 진취성과 창업의도 사이의 관계를 정(+)의 방향으로 조절하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 성취욕구, 위험감수성, 혁신성, 진취성이 창업의지에 미치는 긍정적인 영향이 부산세무고등학교 학생들이 보유한 창업지원그룹과 창업자금 지원여부 의해 더욱 강화된다는 것을 보여준다. 셋째, 부모의 창업경험 유무는 부산세무고등학교 학생들의 창업의지에 정(+)의 효과를 나타냈으나 창업교육 및 성별차이는 창업의지에 통계적으로 유의한 영향을 미치는 않는 것으로 나타났다.
본 연구의 결과는 그동안 상대적으로 관심을 받지 못했던 특성화고등학교 학생들의 기업가정신 및 창업교육에 관한 후속 연구를 진행함에 있어 의미 있는 이론적. 실무적 시사점을 제공할 것으로 기대된다.
목차
I. 서론 ··················································································································· 71. 연구의 배경 및 목적 ·························································································· 72. 연구의 범위 및 방법 ·························································································· 93. 연구의 구성 ······································································································ 9II. 이론적 배경 및 선행연구 ·················································································· 111. 이론적 배경 및 선행연구 ················································································· 111.1. 특성화고등학교 ························································································· 111.2. 창업과 기업가 ··························································································· 111.3. 기업가 정신 ······························································································· 132. 선행연구 ······································································································· 16III. 연구가설 설정 ································································································· 171. 성취욕구와 창업의지 ··················································································· 172. 위험감수성과 창업의지 ················································································ 173. 혁신성과 창업의지 ······················································································ 184. 진취성과 창업의지 ······················································································ 195. 창업지원그룹의 조절효과 ············································································· 206. 창업자금 지원여부의 조절효과 ····································································· 227. 창업교육의 통제효과 ··················································································· 248. 부모 창업경험의 통제효과 ··········································································· 259. 성별특성의 통제효과 ··················································································· 25IV. 연구설계 ········································································································ 281. 연구표본 및 자료수집 ····················································································· 282. 변수의 측정 ··································································································· 292.1. 종속변수 ·································································································· 292.2. 독립변수 ·································································································· 292.3. 조절변수 ·································································································· 302.4. 통제변수 ·································································································· 312.5. 설문구성 비율 ·························································································· 35V. 실증분석 결과 ································································································ 361. 타당성 및 신뢰성분석 결과 ············································································· 362. 기술통계량 및 상관관계분석 결과 ··································································· 393. 회귀분석 결과 ······························································································· 42Ⅵ. 결론 ············································································································· 46참고문헌 ··········································································································· 49부록[설문내용] · ································································································· 53Abstract ··········································································································· 57
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