본 연구에서 새롭게 부각되고 있는 드론테러위협에 대한 국가중요시설의 대응방안 및 체계 구축의 측면에서 연구, 논의 하였다. 최근에 발생하는 국제적 드론테러는 드론에 총기, 폭발물 등을 장착하여 테러리스트가 저렴한 비용으로 안전한 환경에서 원격조작을 통하여 공격 목표에 대한 성과를 달성하기 위한 수단으로 활용되고 있다. 위협이 현실화됨에 따라 이를 예방하고 대응할 수 있는 대테러 체계의 필요성과 대테러 전담인력의 확충, 전문인력의 양성 및 대응방안이 절실히 요구되고 있다. 국가 중요시설에 대한 법·제도적 방호, 경비체계와 테러방지법, 통합방위법 등 현황을 살펴보고 비교분석을 통하여 문제점을 안전관리, 법·제도, 전담조직과 인력 및 장비 측면으로 구분하고 개선방안을 도출하였다.
Along with the international terrorist-caused environment, the drone attack on the Russian air base, the IS attack on the airport and oil facilities using the Yemeni rebels, and the attempt to assassinate the Venezuelan president are being used. Such drone attacks can be prevented and responded to as the threat has become a reality, as remote control means that terrorists can achieve their targets in a safe environment and at a low cost. Therefore, the threat to the newly emerging drone attacks has been studied and discussed in this paper in terms of the establishment of a response system for national critical facilities. In order to achieve the objectives of the research, various legal and institutional issues such as the drone industry, regulations, legal and institutional protection for a particular national important facility, the security system, and the integrated defense system were investigated and compared. In terms of safety management, compared with foreign regulations under Article 122 of the Aviation Safety Act, it was seen that domestic regulations were weaker than foreign regulations. This could lead to easier drones on the problem that poor regulation cannot control from the management side. The legal and institutional aspects did not clearly distinguish national important facilities from terrorism prevention or task for counterterrorism organizations, and the absence of guidelines on counterterrorism, which emerged as a new terrorist threat, was not clearly identified. In terms of organizations dedicated to terrorism, the problem was that there were no additional staff members or organizational changes in the existing defense system, despite the need for specialized organizations and personnel at each national important facility. Because response time is very short due to the nature of drone attacks, it is important to secure detection assets, but it has been found that anti-dron equipment is still insufficient except for some national critical facilities. In order to improve these issues, it has been found that in case of a security management policy, a user registration, various restrictions, and an improvement of the Aviation Safety Act 122 should be carried out within the National Air Safety Commission. In addition, it is important to increase the number of anti-terror correspondents and to foster professionals, and minimum systematic expansion is necessary to cope with emerging threats of terrorism. Various types of detection, identification, and response equipment will be provided for effective anti-terrorism activities such as detection and identification, warning signals, tracking, hitting, and taking control. In particular, sufficient consultations should be made with police, military and anti-terrorism organizations, as well as with their own anti-terrorism activities, to minimize the loss of life and property to terrorist attacks. In addition, it will be necessary to establish an education and training system for fostering anti-terrorism experts and to establish a basic infrastructure for the development of sufficient knowledge and practical skills for counterterrorism personnel at facilities and multi-use facilities by introducing qualification systems. Although this paper draws conclusions through basic comparative analysis and discussion within the scope of drone terrorism and national important facilities, I hope that they will be utilized as basic data to contribute little to the development of the counterterrorism system.
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Ⅰ. 서론 11. 연구의 필요성 및 목적 12. 연구의 방법 53. 연구의 제한점 64. 연구절차 6Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 81. 드론 81) 드론의 정의 82) 역사 93) 유형 및 분류 102. 국가중요시설 161) 국가중요시설의 개념 162) 국가중요시설의 대상 및 분류 173. 테러 191) 테러의 정의 192) 드론테러 204. 선행연구 21Ⅲ. 드론산업 현황 및 위협 221. 드론산업 현황 222. 드론 안전관리 제도 241) 장치신고 252) 사업 및 보험등록 253) 기체검사 264) 비행승인 265) 사용자 준수사항 276) 조종자격 283. 드론테러위협 동향 및 현황 29Ⅳ. 국가중요시설의 방호체계 321. 통합방호체계 321) 통합방위법 322) 국가중요시설 지정 및 방호훈령 352. 테러예방·대응체계 371) 테러방지법 372) 테러대상시설 안전활동에 관한 규칙 393. 기관별 예방·대응체계 401) 청와대 402) 국회 413) 법원 424) 군사시설 425) 공항 436) 항만 444. 기타 451) 청원경찰법 452) 경비업법 465. 비교분석 47Ⅴ. 문제점 531. 드론 안전관리 정책의 미흡 532. 국가중요시설의 드론테러위협 대응 관련 법·제도적체계의 미비 543. 드론테러 대응관련 전담조직 구성과전문인력의 부재 554. 드론탐지·식별·대응 장비확보 미흡 57Ⅵ. 개선방안 591. 드론 안전관리 제도의 보완 592. 국가중요시설의 드론테러 대응조직 및 관리자 지정 623. 드론테러 관련 전담조직 신설과 전문인력 확충 644. 드론탐지·식별·대응 장비 도입 65Ⅶ. 결론 67참고문헌 70ABSTRACT 75