본 연구는 항암화학요법을 받은 경험이 있는 유방암 환자를 대상으로 항암화학요법으로 인한 말초신경병증(Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy: CIPN, 이하 ‘CIPN’)수준과 그 관련요인을 파악하고, CIPN이 삶의 질에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위한 서술적 조사 연구이다. 연구 대상자는 2018년 5월 2일부터 2018년 6월 11일까지 인천시 소재 일개 상급종합병원에서 치료를 위해 외래를 방문한 만 19세 이상의 항암화학요법을 1회(cycle)이상 시행한 경험이 있는 유방암 환자로서 본 연구의 목적을 충분히 이해하고 설문지 작성에 동의한 137명을 대상으로 수행되었다. 연구도구로 대상자의 CIPN 정도를 측정하기 위해 Quality of Life Questionnaire Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy 20(EORTC QLQ-CIPN20)의 19문항을 이용하였고, 삶의 질은 Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30(EORTC QLQ-C30)의 기능영역의 15문항과 전반적인 삶의 질 2문항을 이용하여 측정하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS/PC 21.0 프로그램을 이용하였으며 대상자의 특성, CIPN 정도와 삶의 질 수준은 기술통계를 사용하였고 대상자의 특성에 따른 CIPN 정도는 t-test, one-way ANOVA를 통해 분석하였다. 대상자의 CIPN이 삶의 질에 미치는 영향은 다중회귀분석을 통해 분석하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다.
1) 대상자의 CIPN의 세 가지 하부영역별 평균점수는 감각신경영역 13.57(±17.91)점, 운동신경영역 15.87(±17.22)점, 자율신경영역 25.06(±21.31)점이었다. 2) 대상자의 삶의 질의 평균점수는 기능영역의 5가지 하부영역 중 역할기능과 사회적 기능이 각각 79.44(±23.68)점, 79.44(±25.02)점, 신체적 기능 77.13(±17.60)점, 인지기능 76.89(±19.52)점, 정서적 기능이 74.70(±22.38)점, 전반적인 삶의 질은 61.01(±24.27)점이었다. 3) 대상자의 질병 및 치료 관련 특성에 따른 CIPN 차이는 항암화학요법의 regimen에 따라 유의한 차이가 있었다. 4) 대상자의 CIPN이 삶의 질에 미치는 영향을 분석하기 위하여 삶의 질 영역별로 다중회귀분석을 실시하였다. 첫째, 대상자의 신체적 기능은 운동신경영역 CIPN의 증상이 심할수록, 자율신경영역 CIPN의 증상이 심할수록 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 대상자의 역할기능은 운동신경영역 CIPN의 증상이 심할수록 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 대상자의 정서적 기능은 자율신경영역 CIPN의 증상이 심할수록 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 대상자의 인지기능은 운동신경영역 CIPN의 증상이 심할수록, 자율신경영역 CIPN의 증상이 심할수록 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 다섯째, 대상자의 사회적 기능은 운동신경영역 CIPN의 증상이 심할수록 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 대상자의 전반적인 삶의 질은 운동신경영역 CIPN의 증상이 심할수록 낮은 것으로 나타났다.
본 연구에서 대상자의 CIPN이 삶의 질에 미치는 영향을 분석한 결과 CIPN이 삶의 질에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인하였다. 이와 같은 결과를 통하여 유방암 환자가 경험하는 CIPN 증상을 완화시켜 삶의 질을 향상시킬 수 있는 효과적인 간호중재를 개발하고 그 효과를 검증하는 연구가 필요할 것이다.
This descriptive study intended to investigate the level of Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy (CIPN) and associated factors, as well as to investigate the effect of CIPN on quality of life in patients with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy. The data were collected from May 2, to June 11, 2018 at the one A class general hospital in In-cheon. The study participants were older than 19 years, had visited the outpatient department, had undergone more than one cycle of chemotherapy, and had been diagnosed with breast cancer. In this study, there were 137 participants who understood the study purpose and agreed to complete the survey. To measure the level of CIPN, a study tool was developed with 19 questions from the Quality of Life Questionnaire Chemotherapy- Induced Peripheral Neuropathy 20 (EORTC QLQ-CIPN20), function area 15 questions and general quality of life 2 questions from the Quality of Life in Questionnaire Core 30 (EORTC QLQ-C30). Collected data were analyzed with SPSS/PC 21.0, using descriptive statistics for patient characteristics, CIPN level, and quality of life. The level of CIPN according to the characteristics of the patients was analyzed by t-tests and one-way ANOVA. The effect of CIPN on quality of life was analyzed by multiple regression analysis. The results of the study are described below. 1) Patient''s CIPN average score on 3 subsections were as follows : sensory nerve area 13.57 (±17.91), motor nerve area 15.87(±17.22), autonomic nerve area 25.06 (±21.31). 2) Patients’ quality of life average score on 5 subsections were as follows: role function, 79.44 (±23.68); social function, 79.44(±25.02); physical function, 77.13 (±17.60); cognitive function, 76.89 (±19.52); emotional function, 74.70 (±22.38); and general quality of life, 61.01 (±24.27). 3) There were significant differences in the CIPN scores according to disease- and treatment-related characteristics and according to the regimen of chemotherapy. 4) To analyze the effect of CIPN on quality of life, multiple regression analysis was conducted for each quality of life area. First, patients’ physical functioning became lower when CIPN symptoms were more severe in the motor and autonomic nerve areas. Second, patients’ role function became lower when CIPN symptoms were more severe in the motor nerve area. Third, patients’ emotional functioning became lower when CIPN symptoms were more severe in the autonomic nerve area. Fourth, patients’ cognitive functioning became lower when CIPN symptoms were more severe in the motor and autonomic nerve areas. Fifth, patients’ social functioning worsened when CIPN symptoms were more severe in the motor nerve area. Last, patients’ general quality of life was lower when motor nerve CIPN symptoms were more severe.
The analyzed results verify the profound effect of patients’ level of CIPN on quality of life. According to these findings, further study to develop effective nursing interventions and to investigate their effect on improving quality of life and relieving CIPN symptoms for breast cancer patients will be needed.
목차
Ⅰ. 서론1. 연구의 필요성 ····························································12. 연구 목적 ·································································53. 용어의 정의 ······························································5Ⅱ. 문헌고찰1. 항암화학요법과 말초신경병증(CIPN) ·································72. CIPN의 관련요인 ························································93. CIPN이 삶의 질에 미치는 영향 ······································10Ⅲ. 연구방법1. 연구 설계 ································································132. 연구대상자 ······························································133. 연구도구 ·································································144. 자료 수집 방법 ·························································165. 자료 분석 방법 ·························································166. 연구 대상자에 대한 윤리적 고려 ····································17Ⅳ. 연구결과1. 대상자의 특성에 대한 기술적 통계 ··································182. 대상자의 CIPN 및 삶의 질에 대한 기술적 통계 ··················221) CIPN ···································································222) 삶의 질 ································································233. 대상자의 특성에 따른 CIPN의 차이 검정 ··························241) 대상자의 일반적 특성에 따른 CIPN 차이 ························242) 대상자의 생활습관 특성에 따른 CIPN 차이 ·····················263) 대상자의 질병 및 치료 관련 특성에 따른 CIPN 차이 ··········284. 대상자의 CIPN이 삶의 질에 미치는 영향 ··························30Ⅴ. 논의 ·······································································34Ⅵ. 결론 및 제언 ····························································40참고문헌 ······································································41Abstract ······································································52부록 ············································································55부록 1. 대상자의 특성에 따른 삶의 질 결과표부록 2. 연구대상자 설명문부록 3. 설문지