본 연구는 2016 지역사회건강조사 자료 중 식생활 관련내용을 이용하여 공간통계학을 활용하여 지역과 변수들 간의 공간적인 상관성을 예측하였고, 지역주민들의 영양행태를 지역별, 성별, 연령별, 소득수준별로 비교분석하였다. 지역별 주간아침식사일수는 평균적으로 계산했을 때, 최소 지역은 4.6일, 최대 지역은 6.7일로 나타났으며, 도시지역이 시골지역에 비해 주간아침식사일수가 낮게 나타났다. 일반사항과 주간아침식사일수의 공간분석결과 여성인구가 많고, 연령이 높고, 소득수준이 높은 사람이 많은 지역일수록 주간아침식사일수가 많을 것으로 예측할 수 있었다. 질병진단경험과 주간아침식사일수 상관에서는 이상지질혈증진단 경험이 있을수록 주간아침식사일수가 많아진다고 예측할 수 있었다. 일반사항과 평상시 소금섭취 수준의 결과 남성인구가 많고, 연령이 높고, 소득수준이 높은 사람이 많은 지역일수록 평상시 싱겁게 먹을 것으로 예측할 수 있었다. 질병과 평상시 소금섭취수준과의 상관성에서 고혈압진단경험이 없을수록 평상시 소금섭취 수준은 싱겁게 먹는다고 예측할 수 있었다. 일반사항과 식탁에서의 소금추가에 영향을 주는 상관성에서 남성일수록 식탁에서 소금추가를 하지 않는 비율이 많아진다고 나타났다. 질병과 식탁에서의 소금추가상관성에서 뇌졸중 진단경험이 있을수록 식탁에서의 소금추가를 하지 않는 비율이 많아진다고 예측 할 수 있었다. 일반사항과 튀김류 간장추가의 상관성에서 남성 인구가 많고, 소득수준이 낮고, 연령이 높은 사람이 많은 지역일수록 튀김류에 간장을 찍어먹지 않는 경우가 많을 것으로 예측할 수 있었다. 질병과 튀김류 간장추가의 상관성을 이상지질혈증 진단경험이 있을수록 튀김류에 간장을 추가하여 먹지 않는 비율이 많아진다고 예측 할 수 있었다. 질병과 영양표시 활용여부와의 상관성에서 심근경색 진단경험이 없을수록 영양표시 활용을 할 수 있다고 예측할 수 있었다. 카이제곱 검정을 통해 살펴본 일반사항별 주간아침식사일수의 관계에서 시골지역이 도시지역에 비해 아침식사일수가 높았으며, 여성이 남성보다 높았다. 70대 이상의 주간 아침식사일수가 타 연령층에 비해 높았으며, 소득이 높을수록 주간 아침식사 횟수가 낮았다. 싱겁게 먹는 비율은 도시지역이 시골지역보다, 여성이 남성보다 높았으며, 소득수준과 교육수준이 높을수록 높았다. 식탁에서의 소금추가는 시골지역과 남성에서 높게 나타났다. 튀김류에 항상 간장을 찍어 먹는 비율은 도시지역과 남성에서 높았으며, 연령이 낮을수록, 소득수준과 교육수준이 높을수록, 미혼일수록 높게 나타났다. 영양표시인지 비율은 도시지역, 여성, 미혼자, 소득과 교육수준이 높을수록 높았다. 영양표시독해비율 역시 영양표시인지비율과 동일한 결과를 보였다. 영양표시 활용율은 도시지역일수록, 여성일수록, 연령은 30~39세에서 가장 높았으며, 기혼자, 소득과 교육수준이 높을수록 높게 나타났다. 이상의 결과로 볼 때 도시지역주민들에게는 아침식사일수를 증가시키는 교육이 필요하며, 연령, 소득수준과 교육수준이 낮을수록 싱겁게 먹는 식습관을 유도하는 교육이 필요하며, 영양표시 인지와 독해에 대한 교육은 시골지역 주민들, 남성, 기혼자, 소득과 교육수준이 낮은 사람들을 대상으로 실시할 필요가 있으며, 영양교육 활용율은 시골지역주민, 남성, 미혼자, 소득과 교육수준이 낮은 사람들을 대상으로 맞춤형 교육을 실시함으로써 대상과 지역 간 바람직하고 균형 있는 영양행태를 실천할 수 있도록 함으로써 전 지역주민이 건강한 식생활을 실시할 수 있도록 노력하는 것이 필요하다.

Using the data on dietary life from the 2016 Community Health Survey, this study did the followings: First, it predicted spatial correlation between a community and variables using Spatial Statistics. Second, it analysed nutrition behaviors of community people according to district, sex, age and income level. As for the means of breakfast eating frequency in each community, the least eating frequency per week were 4.624 while the largest eating frequency were 6.739. The people in urban area had less breakfast eating days than those in rural area. When a spatial analysis of general characteristics and breakfast eating frequency was conducted, it was predicted that the people in the area with more female population, higher age and higher income level would have more breakfast eating days. As for the correlations between chronic disease diagnosis experience and breakfast eating days, it was predicted that those who had diabetes diagnosed would have breakfast eating days. In analysing general characteristics and usual salt taking levels, it was predicted that the people in the area with more male population, higher age and higher income level would take less salt. As for the correlations between chronic diseases and salt taking level, it was predicted that those who were never diagnosed as having hypertension would take less salt. As for the correlations between general characteristics and salt addition at table, it was predicted that the rate that male subjects would not add salt at table would increase. As for the correlations between chronic diseases and salt addition at table, it was predicted that the rate that those who had experiences of being diagnosed as stroke would not add salt at table would increase. As for the correlations between general characteristics and soy sauce addition for fried food, it was predicted that those in the area with more male population, lower income level and higher age would not add salt. In analysing the correlations between chronic diseases and soy sauce addition for fried food, it was predicted that the rate that those who had experiences of being diagnosed as having dyslipidemia would not add soy sauce would increase. As for the correlations between chronic diseases and use of nutrition label, it was predicted that those who did not have experiences of being diagnosed as myocardial infarction would use nutrition label. As results of a chi-square test for the relations between general characteristics and breakfast eating days, it was discovered that those in rural area had more breakfast eating days than those in urban area and female subjects had more breakfast eating days than male subjects. Those who were aged above 70s had more breakfast eating days than other age groups. Those who had higher income level had less breakfast eating days. The rate of taking less salt was higher in those in urban area and female subjects than those in rural area and male subjects. Those who had higher income level and education level ate salt less. The rates of salt addition at table were higher in people in rural area and male subjects. The rates of adding soy sauce for fried food were higher in male subjects and those of urban area, younger age, not being married and with higher income level and education level. The rates of recognizing nutrition label were higher in those of urban area, female subjects, those of not being married, and those with higher income and education levels. The rates of reading nutrition label were the same as those of recognizing nutrition label. The use rates of nutrition label were the highest in those of urban area, female subjects, those aged between 30 and 39, and higher in the subjects who were married and had higher income and education levels. Based on the results above, the followings were proposed: Urban people should be educated to eat breakfast more. Those with younger age, less income and education level should be advised to take less salt. Education on recognition and reading of nutrition labels should be given to rural people, male subjects, married people and those with lower income and education levels. Customized nutrition education should be given to rural people, male subjects and those with lower income and education levels so that all the people in our country can have desirable and balanced nutrition behaviors and healthy eating habits.