목차

Chapter 1 Introduction 1
1.1 Research background 1
1.2 Research purpose and contents 10
1.2.1 Research purpose 10
1.2.2 Research contents 13
Chapter 2 Literature reviews 16
2.1 Development status of alternative fuels 16
2.2 Development status of electric vehicles 25
2.3 Research status of biodiesel 26
2.3.1 Production methods of biodiesel 27
2.3.2 Advantages of biodiesel 29
2.3.3 Disadvantages of biodiesel 30
2.4 Advanced combustion technologies 31
2.4.1 Low temperature combustion (LTC) 32
2.4.2 Homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) 35
2.4.3 Premixed charge compression ignition (PCCI) 37
2.4.4 Partially-premixed compression ignition (PPCI) 37
2.4.5 Reactivity control compression ignition (RCCI) 38
2.5 Diesel engine exhaust after-treatment systems 39
2.5.1 Diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) 40
2.5.2 Diesel particulate filter (DPF) 41
2.5.3 Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) 43
2.6 Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system 44
2.7 Regulated emissions 46
2.7.1 Carbon monoxide (CO) 47
2.7.2 Hydrocarbons (HC) 48
2.7.3 Nitrogen oxide (NOx) 49
2.7.4 Particulate matter (PM) 50
2.8 Unregulated emissions 52
2.8.1 Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) 52
2.8.2 Trace metals (TMs) 54
2.8.3 VOC emissions reduction technologies 56
Chapter 3 Experimental Apparatus and Procedure 58
3.1 Experimental apparatus 58
3.1.1 Test engine 58
3.1.2 Engine dynamometer 60
3.1.3 Pressure sensor 61
3.1.4 Fuel injection control system 63
3.1.5 Injection timing measurement system 64
3.1.6 Fuel consumption measurement system 65
3.1.7 EGR control system 66
3.1.8 CO and NOx emissions analyzer 67
3.1.9 HC emission analyzer 68
3.1.10 PM emission analyzer 69
3.1.11 Bio-TEM analyzer 70
3.1.12 TEM grid 71
3.1.13 FE-SEM analyzer 72
3.1.14 Unregulated emissions analyzer 73
3.2 Experimental procedure and methodology 74
3.2.1. Physicochemical properties of the test fuels 74
3.2.2. Empirical equations for engine performance 75
3.2.3. Experimental conditions and procedure 76
Chapter 4 Results and discussion 79
4.1 Effect of engine load 79
4.1.1 Combustion characteristics 80
4.1.2 Engine performance 94
4.1.3 Regulated emission characteristics 97
4.1.4 Unregulated emission characteristics 112
4.2 Effect of exhaust gas recirculation 117
4.2.1 Combustion characteristics 118
4.2.2 Engine performance 131
4.2.3 Emission characteristics 135
4.3 Effect of pilot injection timing 145
4.3.1 Combustion characteristics 146
4.3.2 Engine performance 159
4.3.3 Emission characteristics 163
Chapter 5 Conclusions 172
5.1 Effect of engine load 172
5.2 Effect of exhaust gas recirculation 175
5.3 Effect of pilot injection timing 177
5.4 Future works 179
References 181