This descriptive study attempted to investigate the factors affecting caregivers’ infection control performance and to provide basic data for improving the same by identifying the relationship between the general characteristics of participants and their infection control status in nursing hospitals in Jeju. The data collection period was from August 14 to 31, 2018, and a total of 197 caregivers engaged in nursing work were selected from eight nursing hospitals in Jeju Island, using convenience sampling. The research tool comprised a structured questionnaire with 47 items on infection prevention knowledge and 15 items on infection control performance. The collected data were analyzed using frequency and percentage, mean and standard deviation, independent t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe test, Pearson''s Correlation Coefficient, and hierarchical multiple regression analysis. The SPSS win 20.0 program was used for conducting the analyses.The following results were obtained: 1) Participants’ mean score on infection prevention knowledge was 38.50 points, and that on infection control performance was 3.72 points. 2) Participants’ infection prevention knowledge score differed based on nationality(t=3.16 p=.002), average number of days off per month(F=7.10 p=.001), and presence of a nursing license(t=-3.89 p<.001). Additionally, their infection control performance score differed significantly based on age(F=4.01 p=.008), education level(F=3.08 p=.048), work type(F=3.54, p=.031) , and employment type(F=3.27 p=.040). 3) With reference to the characteristics of participants’ infection control behavior, their infection prevention knowledge score differed significantly based on experience with, experienced patients(t=2.87 p=.005), experience with, caring for patients with infectious diseases(t=2.69 p=.008), agreement to the possibility of transmission of infections between patients(F=4.97 p=.008), infection control education(t=2.24 p=.026), and educational path for infection control(F=4.86 p=.003). 4) Further, with reference to the infection control status of the institution, participants’ infection prevention knowledge differed based on the ratio of nurses to nurse assistants(F=7.09 p=.001), infection education(t=2.24 p=.026), and. Additionally, their infection control performance differed significantly based on number of beds(t=-2.19 p=.030), nursing fees by staffing grades(t=2.89 p=.004), and the ratio of nurses to nurse assistants(F=4.39 p=.014). 5) Infection prevention knowledge was positively correlated with infection control performance(r=.28 p=<.001). 6) The major factors influencing infection control performance were age, work type, nursing fees staffing grades and infection prevention knowledge(F=6.70 p=<.001), which explained 12.9% of the variance in infection control performance. In summary, the infection prevention knowledge and infection control performance of caregivers in nursing hospitals exhibited astatistically significant positive correlation, and the latter was significantly influenced by the participants’ age, work type, nursing fees staffing grades, and infection prevention knowledge. Therefore, it is necessary to develop interventions to improve caregivers’ infection control performance by closely examining the factors influencing it. Key words: Long term care, Caregivers, Infection control, Prevention