비장애영유아와 장애영유아의 통합보육이 확대되고 있고, 2016년 ‘장애인 복지법’의 개정으로 보육교사의 장애인식개선교육도 의무화되었다. 본 연구는 이러한 장애영유아의 보육환경 변화속에서 장애통합 어린이집의 보육교사가 장애 인식 개선교육을 어떻게 경험하고 있는지 알아보고자 하였다. 인천시에 소재하고 있는 국공립 장애통합 어린이집의 일반 보육교사 9명이 연구대상으로 참여하였으며, 3명씩 세 팀의 집단면접과정을 거쳤고 질적분석방법으로 결과를 분석하여 제시하였다. 돌봄서비스 제공자로서 공통의 경험을 하고 있는 보육교사의 역할과 경험을 중심으로 장애 인식 개선교육을 통한 장애이해 경험 등의 내용을 집단 면접하였으며, 현상학적 분석방법을 통해 경험의 의미와 본질을 분석하고자 하였다. 본 연구를 통해 보육교사의 장애 인식 개선교육 경험에 대한 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 일반 보육교사가 장애아동을 통합보육을 하게 되었을 때 생기는 막연한 두려움은 통합 보육을 경험하면서 해소 되었고, 교사로서 장애아동을 돕기 위해 전문정보가 부족하다는 것을 느낌으로 장애관련 교육의 필요성을 제기 하였다. 둘째, 보육교사는 어린이집에서 제공되는 장애 인식 개선교육과 장애 아동 관련 교육을 이수하는 과정에서 장애아동에 대한 인식의 변화가 나타났다. 셋째, 장애아동에 대한 인식이 긍정적으로 변화가 된 보육교사들은 장애아동을 보육과정에 통합시키기 위한 다양한 노력을 기울이며, 장애아동의 보육과 관련된 지속적이고 장기적인 교육이 제공되어야 한다고 하였다. 마지막으로, 본 연구에서 나타난 보육교사의 ‘장애’ 에 대한 태도는 도쿠다 카츠미(2005)의 장애이해 발달단계에서 주장하는 대로 장애아동에 대한 두려움이 다양한 교육을 매개로 하여 장애아동을 수용하는 단계로 발전하는 모습으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 후속 연구를 위한 제언을 하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 후속 연구에서는 다양한 형태의 어린이집과 보육교직원을 대상으로 연구 할 필요가 있다. 둘째, 장애 인식 개선교육과 관련하여 보육교사를 대상으로 한 연구는 거의 없는 실정이므로 관련 연구가 지속적으로 이루어지기 바란다. 셋째, 보육현장에 적합한 장애 인식 개선교육 매뉴얼을 개발하는데 별도의 프로그램으로 형성하지 않고 현재 시행되고 있는 표준보육과정과 누리과정 안에 영유아 대상 장애 이해교육을 편성하고, 교사를 대상으로는 매 해 이수하도록 되어있는 보육교직원 안전교육에(아동학대 예방, 보육시설 안전관리) 장애 인식개선 교육을 추가 편성하는 방안을 고려해 볼 필요가 있다. 넷째, 공보육화 되어가는 대한민국의 어린이집의 운영재원은 국고보조로 지원되는 보육료 및 기타 지원금과 민간 가정어린이집의 경우 부모 부담금으로 구성되어 있는데, 표준보육과정과 누리과정을 실행하는 것과 더불어 장애 인식개선 교육 프로그램을 실행 하는데 대한 충분한 예산 지원이 수반되어야 한다.
ABSTRACT
A Study on the Experience of Disability Recognition through Childcare Teachers'' - Focused on the Integrated day care center for the disabled children -
Won, Youngmi. Department of Social Welfare Graduate School of Policy Incheon National University
Integrated childcare for nondisabled infants and infants and toddlers is expanding, and the revision of the Welfare for the Handicapped Act of 2016 has also made it necessary to educate child care teachers on disability awareness. The purpose of this study is to find out how kindergarten teachers of disability integrated day care center experience the improvement of disability awareness education in the change of day care environment of infants and toddlers. The 9 kindergarten teachers of the integrated day care center in Incheon city participated in the study. The group interviews were conducted by three teachers, and the results were analyzed by qualitative analysis method. The purpose of this study is to analyze the meaning and essence of experience through phenomenological analysis methods. The purpose of this study is to analyze the meaning and essence of experience through phenomenological analysis methods . The results of this study are as follows. First, the vague fears of general childcare teachers when integrated childcare for disabled children were solved by the experience of integrated childcare, and the necessity of education related to disability was raised by feeling the lack of professional information to help disabled children as teachers . Second, the child care teachers showed a change in the perception of children with disabilities in the process of improving disability awareness education and child - related education provided in daycare centers. Third, child care teachers whose perceptions of children with disabilities have changed positively have made various efforts to integrate children with disabilities into the child care process and that continuous and long-term education related to child care of children with disabilities should be provided. Finally, the attitude toward ''disability'' of childcare teachers in this study is that the fear of children with disabilities is accepting children with disabilities through diverse education as claimed by Tokuda Katsumi (2005) As well. Based on these results, suggestions for future research are as follows. First, in subsequent studies, it is necessary to study various types of day care centers and daycare staff. Second, there is little research on child care teachers in relation to education for the improvement of disability awareness. Third, in order to develop a disability awareness education manual suitable for the childcare site, it is necessary not to form it as a separate program but to organize the standard childcare course and the disability understanding education for infants and young children in the current course, (Prevention of child abuse, safety management of child care facilities), and education for improvement of disability awareness should be considered. Fourth, the financial resources of the Korean day care center, which is becoming publicly funded, consist of childcare fees and other subsidies supported by state subsidies and parent subsidies for private home daycare centers. In addition to implementing standard childcare and nursing courses, There should be sufficient budget support for running the program.
1. 서론········································································11.1. 연구의 필요성 및 목적················································11.2. 연구문제································································41.3. 용어정의································································52. 이론적 배경 및 선행연구···············································92.1. 장애 인식 개선교육의 이해·········································92.2. 보육교사의 장애인식에 관한 선행연구·····························122.3. 장애아 통합 보육 및 장애 인식 개선 교육 현황··················213. 연구방법···································································293.1. 연구방법·······························································293.2. 연구대상·······························································303.3. 자료수집·······························································323.4. 분석방법·······························································333.5. 윤리적 고려····························································333.6. 연구의 엄격성··························································344. 연구 결과 및 해석························································355. 논의 및 결론······························································545.1. 논의 및 결론···························································545.2. 제언······································································576. 참고문헌····································································59<부록1> 연구 대상자 설명문···············································68<부록2> 연구 참여 동의서··················································71<부록3> 연구 참여자 개인 인적사항······································72<부록4> 반 구조 질문지····················································73