In recent years, free-form architecture has become popular as it is able to rethink national image as a landmark and demonstrate technological competitiveness. The exterior finish is important for maximizing the atypicality of the irregular shape buildings, but the existing finishes and the bonding method are developed based on the standardized buildings, which makes it difficult to assign them to the atypical elevations. In addition, since the shapes of the roofs are different from each other, the exterior materials must be customized for each project. In this case, it may be uneconomical for the existing finishing material manufacturing process. In order to overcome these drawbacks, it is necessary to develop a technique suitable for the formation of an irregular shape.
Various materials are used as the finishing materials of the irregular shape building. Typical examples are Abu Dhabi Capital Gate (glass), Bilbao Guggenheim Museum (titanium), Dongdaemun Design Plaza (aluminum), and Samseong-dong KEB Hana Bank (UHPC). The most widely used method is a glass panel, but there is a disadvantage that the heating and cooling load generated in the room by sunlight is large. In the case of a metal panel, the manufacturing process is complicated, and there are many drawbacks such as an increase in manufacturing period and cost. Cement has been used as an optimized material to overcome these problems.
Cementitious panel is very easy to form because it has high formability, but it is likely to be damaged by wind load due to lack of ductility or damaged by impact during transportation of exterior material. The wire mesh is reinforced so that the brittle behavior of the cement can be changed to a ductile behavior. In the case of an atypical cement sheathing, the wire mesh reinforcement process is complicated and additional production period and high cost may occur. As an alternative, there is a method of manufacturing all of the cement cladding by 3D printing technology. By alternately stacking cement and reinforcing material, it is possible to produce and reinforce irregular shape cladding in a short time.
In the case of cladding that finish the exterior (elevation) of a building, deformation and damage due to wind pressure should be considered. Panel-type facades, in particular, can be damaged or destroyed by strong winds such as typhoons. For example, damage to windshields by typhoon Maemi and Rusa has been reported,
This paper investigated the optimum design method for structural performance in the multi-layer reinforcement system using the polymer which is a 3D printing material with light weight and high performance properties. The wind load and self weight were considered, and the joint was simplified by the pin joint. The polymer lamination shape, order, and thickness were changed, and finite element analysis was performed. Trend between polymer mass, lattice interval and cladding deformation was derived from analysis.