본 연구에서는 반응표면분석법(Response Surface Method; RSM)을 이용하여 뽕잎과 오디의 최적화된 혼합비율을 산출한 후 기본 녹두죽에 첨가하여 고혈압 개선에 도움이 될 수 있는 기능성죽을 개발하고자 하였다. 뽕잎과 오디의 최적화된 혼합비율을 산출하기 위해서 독립변수로 뽕잎분말(X1)과 오디분말(X2)을 설정하였고, 종속변수로는 pH(Y1), 당도(Y2), total polyphenol 함량(Y3), DPPH radical 소거능(IC50)(Y4), 색도L(Y5), 색도a(Y6), 색도b(Y7), 점도(Y8), 색(Y9), 향(Y10), 맛(Y11) 및 전반적인 기호도(Y12) 등으로 설정하였다. RSM을 이용하여 산출된 뽕잎과 오디의 최적화된 혼합비율은 뽕잎분말 3.88 g, 오디분말 6 g이 혼합되었을 때였다. 뽕잎과 오디의 최적화된 혼합비율을 첨가한 기능성죽의 total polyphenol 함량은 330.99 mg TAE/g이였고, DPPH radical 소거능(IC50)은 650.10 μg/mL으로 나타났다. 뽕잎과 오디의 최적화된 혼합비율을 첨가한 기능성죽의 pH는 6.53이었으며, 당도는 8.93 Brix로 나타났다. 뽕잎과 오디의 최적화된 혼합비율을 첨가한 기능성죽의 색도에서 명도 값은 34.41, 적색도 값은 1.36, 황색도 값은 4.47이였고, 점도는 3584 cP로 나타났다. 뽕잎과 오디의 최적화된 혼합비율을 첨가한 기능성죽의 관능평가에서 색은 5.20, 향은 5.85, 맛은 6.00이고, 전반적인 기호도는 6.22로 관능평가 점수가 우수하게 나타났다. 뽕잎과 오디의 최적화된 혼합비율을 첨가한 기능성죽의 영양평가에서 고혈압 개선 관련 영양소인 칼륨 함량은 23.7 mg/100 g, 칼슘 함량은 14.9 mg/100 g 및 마그네슘 함량은 3.1 mg/100 g이 기본 녹두죽에 비해 증가되었다. 결론적으로 본 연구를 통해 개발된 기능성죽은 칼륨, 칼슘 및 마그네슘 함량이 풍부하고 항산화 활성과 관능적인 품질이 우수하여 고혈압 개선을 위해 활용 가능성이 클 것이다.
This study was performed to develop functional porridge, which can help to prevent and treat high blood pressure, prepared with optimum mixing ratio for powder of mulberry leaf and fruit. The mixture using response surface method(RSM). To determine the optimum mixing ratio for powder of mulberry leaf and fruit, mulberry leaf powder(X1), and fruit powder(X2) were set as independent variables, while dependent variables included pH(Y1), sweetness(Y2), total polyphenol content(Y3), DPPH radical scavenging activity(IC50)(Y4), lightness(L)(Y5), redness(a)(Y6), yellowness(b)(Y7), viscosity(Y8), color(Y9), flavor(Y10), taste(Y11), and overall quality(Y12) were set as dependent variables. The determined optimum mixing ratio for powder of mulberry leaf and fruit using RSM was 3.88 g of mulberry leaf powder, and 6 g of mulberry fruit powder. Total polyphenol content and DPPH radical scavenging activity(IC50) of the functional porridge prepared with powder of leaf, and fruit at the optimum mixing ratio were 330.99 mg TAE/g, and 650.10 μg/mL respectively. The pH and sweetness of the functional porridge prepared with powder of leaf, and fruit at the optimum mixing ratio were 6.53, and 8.93 Brix, respectively. Chromaticity of the functional porridge prepared with powder of leaf and fruit at the optimum mixing ratio was as follows: 34.41 lightness(L), 1.36 redness(a), 4.47 yellowness(b), and viscosity was 3584 cP. Sensory evaluation scores of the functional porridge prepared with powder of leaf, and fruit at the optimum mixing ratio were 5.20 for color, 5.85 for flavor, 6.00 for taste, and the overall quality for 6.22. Mineral contents of the functional porridge prepared with powder leaf, and fruit at the optimum mixing ratio were increased related to lowering high blood pressure with potassium(K: 23.7 mg/100 g), calcium(Ca: 14.9 mg/100 g), and magnesium(Mg: 3.1 mg/100 g) compared to standard mung bean porridge without any addition of mulberry leaf, and fruit. In conclusion, the functional porridge developed from research is highly rich in K, Ca, and Mg, with outstanding anti-oxidant activity, sensory quality, and thus is highly applicable in lowering high blood pressure.