Introduction: The purpose of this study is to evaluate soft tissue volume change after socket preservation using demineralized dentin matrix (DDM), DDM combined with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP-2) and xenogenic bone graft material.
Material and methods: A total of 24 participants who were required tooth extraction were randomly divided into three groups according to graft materials. Bio-Oss collagen for the first group, DDM for the second, and DDM/rhBMP-2 for the third group were used. Before tooth extraction, models were obtained for volume measurement. After meticulous extraction, we curettaged the extraction socket and graft materials were inserted securely. Then, we covered graft materials with collagen sponges and sutured socket with non-resorbable suture materials. After 4months socket preservation, we obtained models again. We analyzed soft tissue volume change between two models using analytic software (Geomagic® ControlTM foundation 2014, 3D Systems, NC, USA). For statistical
analysis, we used Kruskal-walis test to compare volume changes among three groups, used Wilcoxon singed rank test to compare volumes before and after socket preservation in each group and spearman correlation test to compare wound healing and volume changes. We used SPSS ver 20.0 (IBM, Amonk, NY, USA)
Results: According to soft tissue volume changes. Each groups showed statistically meaningful volume decreases. Bio-Oss collagen showed 15.40% volume decrease, DDM showed 18.77% and DDM/rhBMP-2 showed 16.07% decrease, respectively. However, there were no significant differences among groups. Also, there were no significant differences between wound healing and volume change. In histological study, All groups showed sufficient amount of new bone formation around the grafted particles. We can clearly find DDM degradation in DDM/rhBMP-2.
Conclusion: Due to the limitations of this study, although we performed socket preservation, there were soft tissue volume decreases approximately 15.40~18.77%. DDM/rhBMP-2 may be the favorable graft materials to provide dimensional stability comparable to xenograft materials or DDM and to show better new bone formation than xenograft materials or DDM.