본 연구는 종합병원에서 근무하는 간호사를 대상으로 자아탄력성, 주관적 안녕감 및 건강증진행위간의 상관관계를 조사하기 위한 서술적 연구이다. 연구 대상자는 B광역시에 소재한 종합병원 2곳에서 근무하는 간호사를 대상으로 2016년 10월 20일부터 10월 31일까지 설문조사를 실시하여 회수된 218명의 자료를 사용하였다. 자료분석은 SPSS/WIN 23.0 프로그램을 이용하여 빈도와 백분율, 평균과 표준편차, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe test, Pearson''s correlation coefficient으로 하였다.

연구결과는 다음과 같다.
1. 대상자는 여성이 97.7%, 평균 연령은 36세, 기혼이 51.8%, 3년제 졸업이47.2%로 가장 많았다. 직위는 일반간호사 76.1%, 근무경력은 10년 이상이 47.7%로 가장 많았고, 평균 근무경력은 12.4년이었다. 근무부서로는 일반병동이 46.3%, 급여는 200～300만원이 66.5%이었다. 근무형태는 3교대가 58.3%, 정규검진 이외의 검사를 안한다가 70.6%, 수면 시간은 6시간 이하가 55.0%이고, 평균 수면 시간은 6.6시간이었다. 현재 건강상태는 건강하지 않다가 89.0%, 스트레스는 거의 느끼지 않음이 53.6%로 나타났다.
2. 대상자의 자아탄력성의 평균점수는 3.48점이었고, 주관적 안녕감의 긍정적 정서는 3.19점, 부정적 정서는 2.67점, 삶의 만족도는 3.16점 이었으며, 건강증진행위 3.36점이었다.
3. 대상자의 자아탄력성은 연령(F=19.97, p<.001), 학력(F=10.97, p<.001), 근무경력(F=31.54, p<.001), 근무부서(F=3.77, p=.012), 월급여(F=10.71 p<.001), 근무형태(F=12.24, p<.001), 수면시간(F=8.44, p<.001)에서 유의한 차이가 있었다.
4. 대상자의 주관적 안녕감 중 긍정적 정서는 학력(F=3.59, p=.029), 근무경력(F=8.91, p<.001), 근무부서(F=5.92, p<.001), 월급여(F=6.37, p=.002), 수면시간(F=10.03, p<.001)에서 부정적 정서는 연령(F=4.88, p=.008), 학력(F=3.40, p=.035), 근무부서(F=11.84, p<.001), 근무형태(F=5.24, p=.006), 수면시간 (F=32.13, p<.001)에서 삶의 만족도는 연령(F=8.10, p<.001), 학력(F=12.85 p<.001), 근무경력(F=6.56 p=.002), 근무부서(F=5.87 p<.001), 월급여(F=3.39, p=.036), 근무형태 (F=6.77, p<.001)에서 유의한 차이가 있었다.
5. 대상자의 건강증진행위는 연령(F=19.87, p<.001), 학력 (F=6.16, p=.002), 근무경력(F=24.98, p<.001), 근무부서(F=8.35, p<.001), 월급여(F=9.98, p<.001), 근무형태(F=19.00, p<.001), 수면(F=4.90, p=.008)에서 유의한 차이가 있었다.
6. 대상자의 건강증진행위는 자아탄력성(r=.74, p<.001)과 주관적 안녕감 중 긍정적 정서(r=.43, p<.001), 삶의 만족도(r=.62, p<.001)에서 유의한 정적 상관 관계가 있었고, 부정적 정서(r=-.21, p=.002)와는 유의한 부적 상관관계가 있었다. 자아탄력성은 긍정적 정서(r=.54, p<.001), 삶의 만족도(r=.40 p<.001)에서 유의한 정적 상관관계가 이었고, 부정적 정서(r=-.28, p<.001)와는 유의한 부적 상관관계가 있었다.

이상의 연구결과를 통해 병원간호사의 자아탄력성과 주관적 안녕감이 높을수록 건강증진행위가 높아진다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 간호사의 자아탄력성과 주관적 안녕감을 높일 수 있는 프로그램을 개발하고 적용한다면 자신의 건강증진행위를 향상시켜 신체적, 정신적 소진을 감소시킬 뿐 아니라 대상자에게 양질의 간호를 제공 할 수 있으리라 사료된다.

This study was conducted to examine the relationships among ego-resilience, subjective well-being and health promotion behaviours for hospitals nurses in general hospitals. The subjects of this study were 218 nurses who were working at two general hospitals in the B city of Korea. The survey was conducted by using self-administered questionnaire from October 20th to October31st in 2016. The data were analysed using t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe''s test, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient through SPSS/WIN 23.0 program.

The results of this study were as follows.
1. The 97.7% of the subjects were women, and the average age of the subjects was 36 years old. The 51.8% were married and 47.3% graduated 3-year course degree. The 76.1% were in the role of staff nurse, and have the average of 12.4 years of clinical experience, in which the 47.7% of the subjects had more than 10 years of experience. The 46.3% of the subjects work in the general wards as their main department, and the 66.5% of subjects earn the average wage of 2 million won to 3 million won. and 58.3% of the subjects work in three shifts. 70.6% do not take any tests other than regular screenings and the average sleeping time of the subjects was 6.6hours, in which 55.0% of them sleep less than 6hours. The 89.0% of the subjects said their current health status is ''unhealthy’ and 53.6% said they have little stress.
2. The average score was 3.36, 3.48, and 3.19 for the individual’s health promoting behaviour, ego resiliency, and subjective well-being respectively. Then the score of ''satisfaction with life'' and ''negative emotion'' was 3.16 and 2.67 each.
3. Ego resiliency had significant differences in age(F=19.97, p<.001), academic ability(F=10.97, p<.001), working experience(F=31.54, p<.001), working unit(F=3.77, p=.012), monthly wage(F=10.71 p<.001), shift pattern of duties(F=12.24, p<.001), sleeping time(F=8.44, p<.001).
4. ''Positive emotion'' of subjective well-being respectively of the subjects had differences with academic ability(F=3.59, p=.029), service career(F=8.91, p<.001), working unit(F=5.92, p<.001), monthly wage(F=6.37 p=.002 )and sleeping time(F=10.03 p<.001). ''Negative emotions'' had differences with age(F=4.88, p=.008), academic ability(F=3.40, p=.035), working unit(F=11.84, p<.001), shift pattern of duties(F=5.24, p=.006) and sleeping time(F=32.13 p<.001). Lastly ''Life satisfaction'' had significant differences with age(F=8.10, p<.001), academic ability(F=12.85, p<.001), service career(F=6.56 p=.002), working unit(F=5.87, p<.001), monthly wage(F=3.39 p=.036) and shift pattern of duties(F=6.77, p<.001).
5. Health promoting behaviour of the subjects had significant differences in age(F=19.87, p<.001), academic ability(F=6.16, p=.002), service career(F=24.98, p<.001), working unit(F=8.35, p<.001), monthly wage(F=9.98, p<.001), shift pattern of duties(F=19.00, p<.001), sleeping time(F=4.90, p=.008).
6. The subjects'' health promotion behavior was positively correlated with ego-resiliency(r=.74, p<.001), and positive emotion in subjective well-being(r=.43, p<.001), and life satisfaction(r=.62, p<.001). There was a significant negative correlation with negative emotions(r=-.21, p=.002). Ego-resiliency was positively correlated with positive emotions(r=.54, p<.001) and life satisfaction(r=.40 p<.001). And, it had a negative correlation with negative emotions(r=-.28, p<.001).

The study shows that the higher the ego-resiliency and the subjective well-being of hospitals nurses, the higher the health promoting behaviour of them. If we develop and apply a program that can increase ego-resiliency and subjective well-being of the hospitals nurse to the fields, they can improve the health promoting behaviour. Then, this can improve the work efficiency with positive energy and decrease the physical and mental exhaustion. Therefore, nurses can provide better quality of clinical care to the patients.