The purpose of this study was to examine factors affecting psychiatric nurses'' intention to implement smoking cessation intervention.
The participants were 202 psychiatric nurses in Busan and Gyeongsangnam-do. A self-administered questionnaire was used to evaluated the relationship between intention to implement smoking cessation intervention and factors related to premotivation (predisposing, demographic information), awareness, motivation (attitude, social influence, self-efficacy). The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, Pearson''s correlation, and hierarchical multiple regression using SPSS version 20.0.
An analysis of differences in psychiatric nurses'' intention to implement intention smoking cessation intervention by premotivation factors showed that, age (t=-3.31, p=.001), marital status (t=-3.98, p<.001), total work period (in months) (t=-2,49, p=.014), atmosphere for smoking in the hospital (t=3.60, p<.001), skill manual (t=2.63, p=.009), and skill-training experience (t=2.29, p=.023) were statistically significant.
With respect to age differences, the intention to implement smoking cessation intervention was significantly higher for the response category "over 35 years" than for “less than 35 years". In terms of marital status, the intention was significantly higher for category "married status" than for "single status". For total work period, the intention was significantly higher for the category "more than 127 months" than for "less than 127 months". With respect to atmosphere for smoking in the hospital, the intention was significantly higher for the category "non-permissive" than for "permissive". For skill manual the intention was significantly higher for the category "yes" than for "no". For skill-training experience, the intention was significantly higher for the category "yes" than for "no".
This study shows meaningful correlations between intention to implement smoking cessation intervention and awareness (r=.48, p<.001), attitude (r=.40, p<.001), social influence (r=.54, p<.001), as well as self-efficacy (r=.29, p<.001).
Factors affecting psychiatric nurses'' intention to implement smoking cessation intervention.
In the hierarchical multiple regression analysis, the factors that affected subjects'' intention to implement smoking cessation intervention were the pre-motivational factors, marital status and awareness, and the motivational factor, social influence. The explanatory power of the model was 35.3%. First, when the pre-motivational factors were added to the model (Model 1), marital status (β=.225, p=.017) and atmosphere for smoking in the hospital (β=.205, p=.003) were significant, explaining the 12.0% of variance in the intention to implement smoking cessation intervention (F=3.487, p<.001). Next, when the awareness factors were added to the model (Model 2), marital status (β=.173, p=.045), the atmosphere for smoking in the hospital (β=.175, p=.006), and awareness (β=.428, p<.001) had a significant effect, explaining 26.3% of variance in the intention to quit smoking (F=6.987, p<.001). Finally, when the motivational factors were added to the model (Model 3), marital status (β=.170, p=.037), awareness (β=.251, p=.001), and social influences (β=.351, p<.001) were found to have a significant effect, explaining the 35.3% of variance in the intention to implement smoking cessation intervention (F=8.325, p<.001).
In conclusion, marital status, awareness, and social influence had a significant positive influence on the intention to implement smoking cessation intervention. These findings can be used to develop evidence-based smoking cessation training programs for psychiatric nurses.