아스파라거스(Asparagus officinalis L.)는 일반적인 수확 후 관리 환경에서 높은 부패와 호흡으로 인하여 저장성이 매우 짧다. 그리고 유통 과정과 저장 기간 동안에 에틸렌 가스 노출 및 다른 요인으로 인해 생체중 감소, 경화 그리고 황화의 진행이 촉진되어 수확 후 손실이 매우 높다. 이러한 원인으로 아스파라거스의 품질유지와 유통기간 연장에 따른 적절한 수확 후 전처리 기술이 요구된다. 이에 본 연구는 아스파라거스(cv. ‘Wellcome’)의 MA(Modified atmosphere) 저장 조건에서 몇 가지 전처리 기술이 품질 및 저장성에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 실시하였다. 첫 번째 실험은 아스파라거스의 저온 저장 중 품질에 미치는 MA 저장 포장재의 산소투과도 효과이다. MA 저장 처리는 산소투과도가 각각 10,000, 20,000, 40,000, 70,000, 100,000 cc·m-2·day-1·atm-1 OTR(Oxygen transmission rate) 필름으로 포장 하였으며 유공 필름(관행 저장)으로 포장한 대조구를 두었다. 결과적으로 10,000 cc에서 포장 내 대기조성이 적정 CA 및 MA 조건(이산화탄소 5.0~12.0%, 산소 5.0% 이상)을 만족하여 저장 중 외관상 품질 및 당도는 유지되고, 생체중과 비타민C의 감소, 이취 발생과 황화 진행의 억제로 아스파라거스의 저장에 가장 적합하다고 사료된다. 두 번째 실험은 아스파라거스 순의 품질 등급(굵기)의 분류가 저장 중 품질에 미치는 영향이다. 아스파라거스의 줄기 굵기는 10 mm와 15 mm로 선별하였고, MA 저장(10,000cc)과 관행 저장 처리로 포장하였다. 그 결과 아스파라거스의 굵기는 MA 저장 조건에서는 차이가 없었으나, 관행 저장 조건은 15 mm 등급이 저장 중 외관상 품질과 당도에서 품질 유지에 효과를 보였다. 세 번째 실험은 아스파라거스의 1-MCP(1-Methylcyclopropene) 전처리 및 저장 방법에 따른 품질 변화이다. 그 결과 아스파라거스의 1-MCP 처리는 두 가지 저장 방법에서 품질과 저장성에 영향을 미치지 않았다. 네 번째 실험은 기존 원예 산물에서 품질 유지에 효과가 있었던 UV-C 조사(15 kJ·m-2), 열수 전처리(47℃ 4분), 이산화탄소 전처리 및 주입 전처리(60%)를 적용하여 MA 저장과 관행 저장에서 아스파라거스의 리그닌화(Lignification)에 따른 경화 진행 및 품질 변화에 미치는 영향이다. 그 결과 저장 방법에 상관없이 열수 전처리는 에틸렌 발생 억제, 리그닌 생합성에 관여하는 PAL(Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase)과 POD(Peroxidase) 활성의 저하로 인한 경화 지연 그리고 황화 진행의 억제로 외관상 품질 유지에 가장 효과를 보였다. 또한 아스파라거스의 저장성은 열수 전처리를 적용할 때, 관행 저장에서 3 일, MA 저장에서 5 일 이상의 연장 효과가 있었다. 모든 실험의 결과를 종합해 볼 때, 아스파라거스의 OTR 필름을 이용한 MA 저장은 관행 저장 보다 장기 저장에 적합하였고, 전처리 기술 중 열수 전처리의 적용은 모든 저장 방법에서 품질 유지에 가장 효과적이었다.
Asparagus spears(Asparagus officinalis L.) have a very short shelf-life due to high perishability and respiration rate with conventional postharvest handling at ambient temperature. Also asparagus spears have many postharvest loss during distribution and storage periods such as toughness and yellowing progression by ethylene gas exposure and other factors. Due to this, adequate postharvest pretreatments are required to maintain qualities and extending shelf-life of asparagus spears. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the effects of several pretreatment technologies on maintaining qualities and storability in MA (Modified atmosphere) storage of asparagus spears(cv. ‘Wellcome’). The first experiment was oxygen transmission rate of package effects on asparagus spears quality during cold storage. Asparagus spears were packed with 10,000, 20,000, 40,000, 70,000 and 100,000 cc·m-2·day-1·atm-1 OTR(Oxygen transmission rate) films for MA storage and perforated film (conventional condition) as control. As a result, the atmospheric composition at 10,000 cc film treatment was considered to have satisfied optimal CA and MA conditions(5.0~12.0% carbon dioxide, over 5.0% oxygen) so that maintaining visual quality and soluble solid contents were maintained and fresh weight loss, off-flavor, and yellowing were suppressed during the storage. Therefore, 10,000 cc film treatment is considered appropriate for asparagus spears storage. However, when the ethylene content increased, the firmness also increased at the MA storage. Considering the abovementioned results, further experiment would be necessary to inhibit the ethylene production and action at the MA storage. The second experiment was the effects of different stem diameters on qualities of asparagus spears during storage. Asparagus spears were sorted by stem diameter, such as 10 mm and 15 mm and then packed 10,000 cc film for MA storage and perforated film (conventional condition). Based on the present results, 15 mm stem diameter of asparagus spears was fit well for conventional storage, although the stem diameter of asparagus spears did not show a significant differences on storability during MA storage. The third experiment was effects of 1-MCP and MA storage treatments on qualities of asparagus spears. Asparagus spears were treated with 1-MCP and non-treated as control were packed in MA storage and conventional storage. As a result, the 1-MCP treatment affected the quality and storability of asparagus spears both storage methods. The fourth experiment was influence of several pretreatments of UV-C irradiation(15 kJ·m-2), hot water dip(HWD) pretreatment(47℃ 4 minutes), Carbon dioxide pretreatment and injection(60%) on the inhibiting toughness and qualities of asparagus spears. All treatments were packed with OTR film for MA storage and conventional storage. As a result, MA storage at low temperature was effective in maintaining quality and extending shelf-life, but ethylene contents inside the package accelerated toughness. Among pretreatment methods, HWD treatment found to be good for inhibition of ethylene production, toughness, and yellowing due to lowering PAL (Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase) and POD (Peroxidase) activation that involved in lignin biosynthesis, and inhibiting yellowing progression, making itself an appropriate method to help maintain the quality of asparagus spears during storage. And there were extending effects of 3 days in conventional storage and over 5 days in MA storage when applying HWD pretreatment. All experimental results showed that MA storage using OTR film on asparagus spears was more appropriate for long-term storage than conventional storage, and application of HWD was the most effective on quality maintenance compared to other treatments in both storage methods.
목 차Ⅰ. 서 론··········································································1Ⅱ. 연구사··············································································3Ⅲ. 연구내용···································································81. 저온 저장 중 아스파라거스의 품질에 미치는 포장의 산소투과도 효과···82. 아스파라거스 순의 굵기가 저장 중 품질에 미치는 영향 ··········233. 아스파라거스의 장기저장을 위한 1-MCP와 MA 저장의 효과 ··334. 아스파라거스의 몇 가지 전처리가 경화 억제와 품질에 미치는 영향 ··42Ⅳ. 적요·································································61Ⅴ. 종합고찰·································································66Ⅵ. 인용문헌··············································································68Ⅶ. Abstract··································································80