The present study aimed to find human factors which cause human error in vessel traffic service(VTS). Study 1, performed by questionnaire method, examined the effects of occupational stress and situation awareness on VTS. In addition additive or interactive effects of negative affectivity and turnover intention for occupational stress and situation awareness on VTS were also investigated. One hundred and sixty nine VTS operators had completed questionnaire inventories which consist of K-PANAS, turnover intention measurement scale, occupational stress scale, situation awareness scale and control error scale. The collected data has been analyzed by correlation analysis and ANOVA, using SPSS 18.0. The results of study 1 showed the followings: First, occupational stress, negative affect, turnover intention and control error were positively related each other, whereas the situation awareness were not, except with occupational stress. Second, for the effect of occupational stress on VTS, negative affectivity and turnover intention additively affect control error, but the occupational stress interacted with turnover intention. Third, situation awareness and risk perception with negative affectivity and turnover intention, tended to additively affect control error. In the study 2, where the predictability of situation awareness on VTS operators’ performance was examined, 16 VTS operators participated in VTS-simulated tasks. The situation awareness score, “time-to-collision after control” and accidents made were measured. A Mann-Whitney U statistical test was adopted in the data analysis. The results showed the situation awareness can be the major criterion factor to predict the maritime accident due to control error.