This study aims to examine the effects of stretching exercise types on physical fitness, self-efficacy and social adaptation in stretching and muscular exercise group(A), stretching exercise group(B) and control group(C) and to compare the effects before and after exercise. This study targeted 80 physically disabled persons working in the labor facility for the disabled in C area, Gangwon Province.
In terms of physical fitness, muscular strength was measured using a grip dynamometer(CAMRY-EH010), Trunk Flexion Forward test(SJ-3884) was conducted to measure flexibility and push-ups(CL-15) were performed to measure muscular endurance. For measuring self-efficacy and social adaptation, questionnaires were used. Self-efficacy was verified through an analysis of confidence, self-regulated efficacy and task difficulty preference factors and the reliability of the questionnaire was .88. Social adaptation was verified through an analysis of workplace adaptation, leisure society adaptation and family adaptation factors and the reliability of the questionnaire was .93.
For statistical processing, descriptive statistics was computed using the SPSS Ver. 22.0 program and for identifying intergroup differences(the effects of exercise) before and after exercise, 3 × 2 repeated measured ANOVA was carried out. For analyzing intergroup differences before and after exercise, Scheffe post-hoc test was applied and for analyzing within-group differences before and after exercise, paired t-test was conducted. The level of significance for statistical processing was set at α=.05.
When comparing and analyzing the effects of stretching exercise types on physical fitness, self-efficacy and social adaptation in the physically disabled, the following results were obtained.
First, both stretching and muscular exercise group(A) and stretching exercise group(B) showed statistically significant differences in muscular strength, muscular endurance and flexibility before and after exercise(p<.001) and there were significant intergroup differences in muscular strength and flexibility before and after stretching exercise types. There were no significant differences and interaction effects in muscular endurance.
Second, both stretching and muscular exercise group(A) and stretching exercise group(B) showed statistically significant differences in confidence, self-regulated efficacy and task difficulty preference before and after exercise(p<.001) and there were significant intergroup differences and interaction effects before and after stretching exercise types.
Third, both stretching and muscular exercise group(A) and stretching exercise group(B) showed statistically significant differences in workplace adaptation, leisure society adaptation and family adaptation before and after exercise(p<.001) and there were significant intergroup differences and interactive effects before and after stretching exercise types.