In this study, the physical properties of Murata vortex spinning (MVS) yarn were studied according to the blend ratio (Polyester 100, Polyester70:Cotton30, Polyester50:Cotton50, Polyester30:Cotton70, Polyester50:Tencel40:Cotton10) and fineness (20''s, 30''s, 40''s), and the characteristics of the fabric woven using this yarn were then studied. Tenacity, elongation, bending properties, hairiness, irregularity, and number of twists were measured to examine the physical properties of the MVS yarn. Further, frictional properties, ultraviolet protection factor, moisture characteristics, filling ability, and mechanical properties were measured to examine the characteristics of the fabric woven using the MVS yarn. The following measurement results were obtained.
1. The results of examining the physical properties of MVS yarn according to its fineness indicated that the maximum strength was obtained when the twist factor was 0.91.2, and that the strength decreased when the twist factor was outside the aforementioned range. The elongation decreased with a decrease in the thickness. The bending properties degraded with a decrease in the yarn thickness because the relative momentum increased with an increase in the number of core fiber strands that was proportional to the yarn thickness. Hairiness decreased with a decrease in the yarn thickness because the wrapping proportion of the wrapping fiber on fine hairs and loop extruded from the core fibers increased with a decrease in the yarn thickness. The parallel of the core fiber, which is MVS''s structural feature, as well as the form of the sheath-core binding fiber, which is bound by a wrapping fiber, were verified through the surface morphology of the yarn.
2. The results of the examination of the physical properties of MVS yarn according to the blend ratio indicated that its strength and elongation decreased with an increase in the proportion of cotton attained by increasing the proportion of polyester, and that even in the case of same polyester content, the strength and elongation increased with the mixing of tencel. The bending properties of the yarn bended with a decrease in the proportion of cotton attained by increasing the proportion of polyester. After bending, the thread did not recover well from the bending strain but became more upright after tencel mixing even in the case of the same polyester content; however, the recoverability from bending strain was good. Hairiness decreased when the spinning property improved with an increase in the content of cotton that had twist on the sides. However, when considering the characteristics of MVS spinning that involved thread binding due to air flow, 100% cotton threads constituted by only short fibers showed drop in binding ability and accordingly an increase in hairiness.
3. F-P fabric has a high overall moisture management capacity (OMMC) value and hence shows excellent performance in absorbing moisture and discharging the same to the outside. F-P fabric showed low filling ability and a low ultraviolet protection factor in a standardized calculation process; however, it also showed high inherent characteristic values and a low tensile degree. Moreover, the frictional property value of the F-P fabric was relatively higher than other characteristic values. Because a large electrostatic discharge is generated when it is used in clothing or bedding material and causes discomfort, it is not suitable for use in fiber material that comes in direct contact with the human body.
4. F-P7C3 fabric shows an intermediate value of frictional property and can cause static electricity generation. It showed relatively high values of the ultraviolet protection factor, OMMC, and filling ability. Although F-P7C3 showed a degradation in bending properties compared to F-P, it was flexible and tensile owing to its better surface and tensile properties; however, it seems to have a slightly rough feel. Various characteristics of the F-P7C3 fabric were excellent and it touch feel was improved. However, because electrostatic discharge is generated owing to its high polyester content, it causes slight discomfort when used in a fabric material that comes in direct contact with the human skin.
5. F-P5C5 fabric shows standardized final physical properties. It showed relatively high values of the ultraviolet protection factor, OMMC, and filling ability. F-P5C5 is expected to show increased rough and stiff feel owing to better surface characteristics and worse tensile properties than F-P7C3; however, the overall feel is not very stiff. Static electricity generation is low because of decreased because of a decrease in the polyester content; moreover, it has excellent OMMC and filling ability, and its touch is not very stiff. Therefore, F-P5C5 fabric can be used in fiber materials that come in direct contact with the human skin.
6. F-C fabric showed high values of the ultraviolet protection factor, filling ability, and frictional property, and showed degraded surface and bending characteristics but improved tensile characteristic compared to the other five samples. Because its OMMC value is less, F-C shows a drop in moisture absorption and discharge to the outside performances. Various characteristics of this fabric were excellent; however, because of its degraded moisture control characteristics, moisture is not discharged smoothly and can cause discomfort when used in materials that come in direct contact with the human skin.
7. F-P5T4C1 fabric shows significantly good bending and surface properties, and hence, it is expected to present a stiff and rough touch feel. It showed high values of OMMC, ultraviolet protection factor, filling ability, and frictional property. Various characteristics of this fabric were excellent; however, because it presented a stiff and rough touch, it is not preferred for use in fiber materials that come in direct contact with the human body.
When examining yarn characteristics, the yarn containing tencel showed high durability; hence, high performance can be expected from a fabric woven from such yarn. However, when the performance of the woven fabrics was examined, the samples containing tencel showed excellent properties in many ways but presented a stiff feel. Therefore, the functional fiber material that can be used practically is the fabric that has a weft thread mixture ratio of P50:C50.