이 연구는 발레 전공 초등학생의 발레 기본동작 수행능력과 체격, 신체구성, 무릎 및 허리부위의 등속성 근기능의 상관관계를 제시하여 발레 기본동작 수행능력향상을 위한 기초자료를 제시하고자 시도하였다.
이 연구의 대상자는 국내 발레 전공 초등학생 15명을 대상으로 발레 기본동작을 평가하고 체격, 신체구성, 무릎 및 허리부위 등속성 근기능을 측정하였다. 체격요인의 하위요인 중 길이요인은 신장, 상지장, 하지장을 둘레요인은 흉위, 전완위, 상완위, 대퇴위를 신체구성 요인은 체중, 체지방량, BMI, 체지방률, 제지방량을 측정하였으며, 등속성 최대근력 측정은 무릎, 허리부위의 최대근력(Peak Torque), 체중당 최대근력(%BW Peak Torque), 평균파워(Average Power), 체중당 평균파워(%BW Average Power)를 측정하였고, 발레 기본동작 수행능력을 측정하였다.
수집된 자료의 처리를 위하여 SPSS Ver. 18.0 통계프로그램을 이용하여 각 측정항목의 관련성 검증을 위해 상관관계 분석을 실시한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 도출했다.

첫째 체격요인 측정 결과 길이요인 중 하지장이 플리에(Plie) 동작과 높은 상관관계가 나타났으며(p<.05), 회전동작(Pirouette)과 점프동작(Saute)에서도 매우 높은 상관관계가 나타났으나(p<.01), 다른 변인에서는 발레 기본동작 수행능력과 모두 유의한 상관관계가 나타나지 않았다. 둘레요인은 전완위가 플리에(Plie) 동작과 점프동작(Saute)에서 부적 상관관계를 나타났고(p<.05), 회전동작(Pirouette)에서도 부적 상관관계를 나타났으며(p<.01), 다른 변인에서는 유의한 상관관계가 나타나지 않았다. 발레 기본동작 수행능력과 체지방량, 체지방률이 발레 기본동작 수행능력과 부적 상관관계를 나타났고(p<.01), BMI도 부적 상관관계를 나타났으며(p<.05), 제지방량은 매우 높은 상관관계를 나타났다(p<.01).

둘째 발레 기본동작 수행능력과 무릎 및 허리부위 근기능의 상관관계 측정결과 플리에(Plie) 동작은 무릎관절의 신근상대최대근력(좌)과 굴근상대최대근력(우)에서 매우 높은 상관관계가 나타났으며(p<.01), 무릎관절의 굴근상대최대근력(좌)과 신근최대근력(우)에서 역시 높은 상관관계가 나타났다(p<.05). 회전동작(Pirouette)은 무릎관절의 신근상대최대근력(좌)과 높은 상관관계를 나타났으며(p<.05), 굴근상대최대근력(좌)과 신근상대최대근력(우), 굴근상대최대근력(우)에서 매우 높은 상관관계가 나타났다(p<.01). 점프동작(Saute)은 무릎관절의 신?굴근 상대 최대근력(좌)에서 매우 높은 상관관계가 나타났으며(p<.01), 신근상대최대근력(우)(p<.05), 굴근상대최대근력(우)에서 매우 높은 상관관계가 나타났다(p<.01).
플리에(Plie) 동작은 무릎관절의 신근상대평균파워(좌)와 매우 높은 상관관계가 나타났으며(p<.01), 무릎관절 굴근상대평균파워(우)와 높은 상관관계가 나타났다(p<.05). 회전동작(Pirouette)은 무릎관절의 신근상대평균파워(좌)와 굴근상대평균파워(우)에서 높은 상관관계를 나타났으며(p<.05), 점프동작(Saute)은 무릎관절의 신근상대평균파워(좌)과 굴근상대평균파워(우)에서 높은 상관관계를 나타났다(p<.05).
회전동작(Pirouette)과 무릎관절의 굴근양측근력비율은 부적 상관관계가 나타났으며(p<.05), 점프동작(Saute)과 무릎관절의 굴근양측근력비율은 부적 상관관계를 나타났다(p<.05).
플리에 동작과 허리부위의 등속성 최대근력은 유의한 상관관계가 나타나지 않았으며, 회전동작과 허리부위 등속성 최대근력에서도 유의한 상관관계가 나타나지 않았으나 점프동작(Saute)과 허리부위 굴근상대최대근력은 높은 상관관계가 나타났다(p<.05).
플리에(Plie) 동작은 허리부위의 신근상대평균파워와 굴근상대평균파워에서 높은 상관관계를 나타났으며(p<.05), 회전동작(Pirouette)은 허리부위의 신근상대평균파워와 높은 상관관계가 나타났다(p<.05). 점프동작(Saute)은 허리부위의 신근상대평균파워와 굴근상대평균파워에서 높은 상관관계가 나타났다(p<.05).
따라서 이러한 결과들을 종합해 볼 때 발레 기본동작 수행능력을 높이기 위해 하지의 길이가 길고, 전완위가 얇으며, 체지방량과 BMI, 체지방률이 적고, 제지방량이 많을수록 동작을 수행하는데 유리하게 작용하는 것으로 사료된다. 플리에(Plie), 회전동작(Pirouette), 점프동작(Saute)을 수행하기 위해서는 무릎과 허리부위의 근 기능이 협응을 이루어 발레 기본동작 수행능력을 높이는데 영향을 미친다고 사료된다.

The purpose of this research is to provide the basic resources for improvement in performance level in basic ballet movements by establishing the correlation between the ability of the elementary school students who major in Ballet in carrying out the basic ballet movements and their physique, body composition, isokinetic muscular function of their knees and their lumbar regions.
The study subjects are 15 elementary school students who major in Ballet and their basic ballet movements were assessed and their physique, body composition, isokinetic muscular function of their knees and their lumbar regions were measured.
As for sub criterion for physique, length wise, height, arm’s length, and leg’s length were measured and for girth, chest size, vorderarmumfang, girth of the upper arm and girth of the femur were measured. As for body composition, factors such as weight, body fat, body mass index, body fat rate and lean body mass were measured.
For isokinetic muscular maximum strength, the maximum strength (Peak Torque) of the knees and the lumbar regions maximum strength per body weight (% BW Peak Torque), Average power and Average power per body weight were measured. In addition, the students’ ability to perform basic ballet movements was also assessed.
For the processing of the collected data, SPSS Ver. 18.0 statistics program was used to verify the relevance among each measurement item, correlation analysis was conducted and the following conclusions were drawn.

Firstly after the physical factors were measured, leg’s length showed high correlation with Plie movement (p<.05), Rotation(Pirouette) and Jump(Saute) movements (p<.01). However, other variables did not show any significant correlation with performance level of basic ballet movements.
For girth, forearm circumference showed negative correlation (p <.05).
with Plie and Jump(saute) movements. It also showed negative correlation (p<.01)
with Rotations(Pirouette) but it did not show any significant correlation with other variables.
For body composition, body fat, body fat rate and showed negative correlation to (p <.01) to the students’ ability to perform basic ballet movements, and BMI also showed negative correlation to (p <.05) to the students’ ability to perform basic ballet movements. and lean body mass showed very high level of correlation to (p<.01) to the students’ ability to perform basic ballet movements.

Secondly correlation between isokinetic muscular function of the knees and the lumbar regions and the students’ ability to perform basic ballet movements were assessed.
Plie movements showed very high level of correlation(p<.01) with left knee extensor isokinetic muscle strength (% BW) and right knee flexor isokinetic muscle strength (% BW) and showed high level of correlation (p<.05). with left knee flexor isokinetic muscle strength (% BW) and right knee extensor isokinetic muscle strength (% BW).
Rotation(Pirouette) movement showed very high level of correlation (p<.01). with both left and right knees extensor and flexor isokinetic muscle strength (% BW).
Jump(Saute) movements showed very high level of correlation (p<.01) with left knee extensor and flexor isokinetic muscle strength (% BW). It also showed high level of correlation (p<.05). with right knee extensor isokinetic muscle strength (% BW) and very high level of correlation(p<.01) with right knee flexor isokinetic muscle strength (% BW).
Plie movements showed very high level of correlation (p<.01) with left knee flexor isokinetic average power (% BW) and showed high level of correlation (p<.05) with right knee flexor isokinetic average power (% BW).
Rotation(Pirouette) movement showed high level of correlation(p<.05) with left knee estensor isokinetic average power (% BW) and with right knee flexor isokinetic average power (% BW).
Jump(Saute) movement showed high level of correlation(p<.05) with left knee estensor isokinetic average power (% BW) and with right knee flexor isokinetic average power (% BW).
Rotation(Pirouette) movement showed negative correlation (p<.05) with rate of muscular strength for flexor muscle of both knees.
Jump(Saute) movement also showed negative correlation (p<.05) with rate of muscular strength for flexor muscle of both knees.
Jump(Saute) movement showed high level of correlation (p<.05). with flexor isokinetic muscle strength of lumbar region. (% BW).
Plie movement showed high level of correlation (p<.05). with extensor and flexor isokinetic average power of lumbar region. (% BW).
Rotation(Pirouette) movement showed high level of correlation (p<.05). with extensor isokinetic average power of lumbar region. (% BW).
Jump(Saute) movement showed high level of correlation (p<.05). with extensor and flexor isokinetic average power of lumbar region. (% BW).
When these results were viewed together, we can conclude that in order to improve the students ability to perform basic ballet movements, the advantageous factors would be long legs, thinner forearm. And for the body composition, less body fat mass and BMI and low level of body fat percentage would be more advantageous and high level of lean body mass would be more advantageous in performing the basic movements.
In order to perform Plie, Rotation and Jump movements, knees and the lumbar region coordination will have positive impact in improving the students ability to perform basic ballet movements.