The 22 designated odorous compounds as well as particulate matters have been analyzed from four swine facilities in Jeju Island, in order to investigate the emission characteristics and odor contribution by different ventilation systems and manure treating types. From the study, the mass concentrations of TSP and PM10 were high in the enclosed ventilation/slurry type swine facilities for winter time, meanwhile those of PM2.5 and PM1 were high in the enclosed ventilation/scraper type during winter season.
The concentrations of major odorous nitrogen compounds, i.e., NH3 and TMA were high in the enclosed ventilation/scraper type swine facilities for winter time. Not only the odorous sulfur compounds, i.e., CH3SH, DMS, and DMDS, but also the volatile fatty acids, i.e., PA, n-BA, and iso-VA showed high concentrations in the enclosed ventilation/scraper type swine facilities during winter time. However, the concentrations of H2S and n-VA were high in the enclosed ventilation/slurry type swine facilities.
The concentrations of all aldehyde compounds, i.e., acetaldehyde, propion -aldehyde, butyraldehyde, n-valeraldehyde, and iso-valeraldehyde were lower than the limit values of odor emission standard in all swine facilities. Furthermore, VOCs showed lower concentrations than the limit values of odor
threshold as well as odor emission standard in all swine facilities.
Based on study of the manure treatment system, the concentrations of odorous nitrogen and sulfur compounds were high in slurry type swine facilities. However, the concentrations of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) were relatively high in the scraper type swine facilities.
The odor quotient (OQ) of n-BA was the highest among the odorous compounds, whereby the odor contributions by volatile fatty acids were high
in all swine facilities. Consequently, the volatile fatty acids might be considered as the major odor causing compounds to be controlled. In addition, the sum of odor quotient (SOQ) showed high values in the enclosed ventilation/scraper type swine facilities.
From the dosing test of the fed-type odor reducing agents, the probiotics/anticoagulant mixture agents showed high removal effect as 68.9% for NH3, but the probiotics/amino acid mixture agents were relatively suitable as the range of 52.5∼78.5% of removal effect for the odorous sulfur compounds. On the other hand, for the spray-type odor reducing agents, the probiotics/extractant mixture agents showed high removal effect for both ammonia and odorous sulfur compounds. Meanwhile, the microorganism removal system was useful for reducing the odorous sulfur compounds, and physical removal system was suitable for the removal of nitrogen compounds.