ABSTRACT

When the increasing use of the fossil fuel, it is study for a variety of environmentally-friendly alternative fuels to solve environmental pollution by the exhaust emissions.
Bio-diesel fuel(BD) is well-known as the alternative of diesel fuel. It is used non-modification of automotive engines and known as similar properties compared with diesel. also, this is more free-favorable in terms of environmental issues than diesel. BD is globally produced by edible vegetable oils. recently, Grain price is risen due to the food shortage by the famine. It is needed to research on inexpensive raw materials, such as inedible vegetable oils and animal fats, in order to reduce the cost of production of BD.
Animal fats are annually possible steady supply in bulk. It is higher oil content and more excellent oxidation stability than vegetable oils. however, that are yet insufficient study on transportation fuel in comparison with vegetable oils.
we used the beef-tallow and lard of animal fats BD and palm of vegetable BD As experimental fuels and performed different injection pressure varied form 25MPa to 160MPa by experiments conditions.
by using high speed digital camera, we were analysed for macroscopic characteristics of spray, such as spray penetration, spray maximum width, length of spray maximum width, spray cone angle and spray (axial and radial) velocity, on injection duration at 1.5ms. Also, When using LDPA device, we were known about the microscopic characteristics of spray, such as mean particle size and particle size distribution, on injection duration 4ms.

1. In accordance with increasing injection pressure, we were experimentally known that animal fat BDs are increasing both spray penetration and spray velocity and are constant approximately between 10˚ and 13˚ on spray cone angle. Also, animal fat BDs are decreasing mean particle size.

2. When the same injection pressure, lard BD is longer spray penetration and bigger mean particle size than beef-tallow BD. but spray cone angle is similar both lard and beef-tallow..

3. at the injection pressure 25MPa, SMD is similar approximately 18μm on BDs. but Dmax is not constant as beef-tallow 38 μm and lard 46μm. also Dmax was bigger approximately 20~30μm particle size than other injection conditions. thereafter the injection pressure 60MPa, SMD 12~13μm and Dmax 17~18μm are similar regardless of BDs.

4. Compared to palm BD, animal fat BDs are shorter spray penetration and faster spray velocity than palm BD. also, it is more excellent atomization performance than palm.

As the experimental result, animal fat BD is excellent atomization and similar macroscopic characteristics compared with palm BD. therefore, we were seen applicability on transportation fuel.