This study aims to suggest directionality about planning for neighborhood regeneration and project practice in accordance with the need of regeneration for holistic category including physical, economic, cultural, social, and environmental aspects based on participation of residents in redevelopment and renewal about physical environment for city management policy by stagnation of city.
Specific purpose is groping improvement plans for participation of residents to residents workshop for planning process of neighborhood regeneration and for characteristic contemplation of neighborhood regeneration project’s ripple, linkage system and efficiency of project practice.
For that, this study progressed a case study and participant observation of neighborhood regeneration planning process of urban regeneration test-bed and case of project practice conducted in Jeonju City. Neighborhood regeneration, with achievement of resident initiative through residents workshop since planning, was progressed as being divided into preparation stage, district diagnosis stage, framework stage and plan establishment stage on the premise of enthusiastic participation of residents. For running projects, a promotion project based on the formation and activity of resident community, abandoned house demolition project, community garden construction and operation project, local community promotion project, new house construction and house repair project were pushed and tried.
The implications about improvement plan of neighborhood regeneration planning emerged through result analysis of participant observation and definition participation of residents are followings.
First, formation of advance resident representative organization and discussion is necessary for residents’ opinion convergence about initial operation and atmosphere spread. Second, when examining in planning stage, residents workshop is effective until framework stage. Third, since the number of participants of residents workshop is variable every time, effective promotion method must be searched by collecting and accumulating information of participant at the initial stage of workshop operation. Fourth, for date and time, weekday’s evening period is preferred and the efficiency is high between 7 to 8:30 pm. Fifth, accessibility to meeting place must be prior consideration and a place where wide place where all participants can assemble and group meeting room are available is advisable. Sixth, entire residents workshop should be operated by group according to sectors of holistic category. Seventh, scenario must be operated without delay of processing time by stage and precise explanation process about the entire flow of early phase of workshop to help comprehension of new participant every time is indispensable. Eighth, tool must be formed simply and clearly and prepared to increase understanding through utilization of visual data appropriate to regional condition.
The characteristic and type of ripple, linkage system of neighborhood regeneration project are followings. Neighborhood regeneration project is rippled and linked with several types of various project in accordance with state of space and change of function, and in case of this study, it is linked and circulated in order of abandoned house demolition project → village community vegetable garden management project → new house construction project → house repair project → abandoned house demolition project, so community enterprise promotion project such as community restaurant, and workshop is influenced. Such running project can be divided into government-oriented, resident-oriented, and public-private partnership, and government-oriented project must need preparation of task guide reflecting the prior planning which reflects opinion of residents before practice. In resident-oriented project, the active activity through empowerment of participating residents is very essential, and for public-private partnership, formation of partnership is important.
The neighborhood regeneration project in this case bases on participation of residents, and to improve the efficiency of project, activation of activity of resident community should be promoted. The degree of significance of role of practice subject for activation of resident community is shown as ‘resident> intermediary organization>public.’ ‘Ability and will of leader of community’ among roles of resident, ‘management of education, empowerment program’ among roles of intermediary organization and ‘administrative and financial support of community activity’ among roles of administration are known to have higher significance. Such result is the one which reveals that resident, especially education and excavation of resident leader is the most important element to increase the efficiency of neighborhood regeneration project.
Neighborhood regeneration of resident initiative, with the fact that it becomes a foundation to increase the city management capability, has a crucial significance. For the actualization of successful resident initiative neighborhood regeneration, set-up of suitable project range, suggestion of institutional role and right of resident consultative organization, securement of stable finance of neighborhood regeneration, inducement of activation of suggestion and contest for expansion of creative regeneration project’s idea must be achieved.
This study may be a forehanded study as initialization, provision period which prepares institutionalization for regeneration of stagnated downtown retirement residential area. Moreover, the holistic study category dealt through this study will be helpful in probing various research problems and analysis result is significant by possibility of homogeneous utilization when pushing retirement residential area regeneration project forward and designing study activity. For further study task, it leaves a physical change of retirement residential area, enhancement of quality of resident’s living, alteration of resident’s capacity standard as a project effect analysis according to pushing regeneration project forward.