This thesis consists of two main research part. The first, condensation reaction of alkyl glycidyl ethers and fatty acids as the reaction materials was studied to synthesis of diester as trasformer oil. The second, the hydrolysis reaction of sugar solutions from the net freshwater algae species (Hydrodictyon reticulatum, HR) was also studied to increased the glucose contents.
In the first research, a convenient procedure for the synthesis of fatty acid diesters has been studied. The series of octyl, dodecyl, hexadecyl, octadecyl and octadec-9-enyl glycidyl ether were used to synthesize various diesters. Alkyl glycidyl ethers reacted with fatty acid such as oleic acid and octanoic acid, the one-step/two-step reactions were compared during the condensation reaction. The products were confirmed by 1H-NMR, FT-IR and HR/MS spectra. Long chain diesters are well synthesized as biolubricant and transformer oil through this reaction. The yield of the product 1-O-acyl-2-O, 3-O-dioctadec-9-enoyl glycerol was 55-60%.
The second research was on the hydrolysis reaction of sugar solutions obtained from the net freshwater algae species (Hydrodictyon reticulatum, HR), through the acid hydrolysis, enzymatic hydrolysis, and combined hydrolysis method which is combined the above two hydrolysis. Acid hydrolysis was carried out through the one-step acid hydrolysis and two-step acid hydrolysis. In the one-step acid hydrolysis, the reaction of 8% solids content using 2 % sulfuric acid at 120 OC for 1 hour was desirable for higher glucose contents. Glucose 27.44±0.16 g/100g DM could be obtained from the HR-d13 samples in this condition.
In the two-step acid hydrolysis, the primary hydrolysis (drying HR : 72% sulfuric acid = 1 g : 1.5 mL) was reacted for 1 hour at 60 OC as optimum conditions for hydrolysis, and then addition of distilled water 23.5 mL to this reactant was hydrolyzed for 1 hour at 120 OC. Glucose 35.11±0.51 g/100g DM could be also obtained from the HR-d13 samples through this condition. In the combined hydrolysis, 25 % solid content using 2 % hydrochloric acid were reacted for 1 hour at 120 OC, and then 4% solid content was made with addition of citrate buffer solution, finally E1+E2 enzymes 1 + 0.2 mL/g DM were added respectively and reacted for 1 ？ 2 days at 50 OC. In this case, glucose 33.5±1.14 g/100g DM could be obtained from the HR-d23+26 samples with this combined process. Therefore, combined hydrolysis was judged to be most useful when considering about glucose production and fermentation-inhibiting substances (HMF, furfural) production with strong acid restriction.