In this paper, a study on behavior characteristics and systematic maintenance of road slopes in Korea are conducted throughout type of the slope failure, the characteristic of the road slope condition in Korea, the detailed investigation and slope stability analysis, the IT integration and composite technology for the maintaining slope, the real-time measurement data. The slopes are made because the 70% of Korean national highway has been placed on the mountain area inevitably. When the slope failure occurs, the people and property damage are induced. Therefore, it is very important to prevent the slope failure by conducting the systematic management.
It has been established the criteria for classification of the cutting slope scraping for efficient management slopes and granted the absolute code to the managed slopes because it is not a clearly distinguished civil infrastructure such as bridges and tunnels. In addition, there is no confusion in the use of terminology by clarifying the definition of the survey of existing slope condition and the detailed investigation. The slope failure is occurred due to the geological and hydraulic factors. The geological factor of the slope failure means that the unique discontinuity is vulnerable state in the ground within the slope. The geological structure as a factor of the slope failure is a fault, fold, dike, foliation, bedding and schistosity. Geological structures of these are different from the structure of the surrounding rock or there is a tendency that crack is developed intensively focusing on a specific part of the rock, so it is very sensitive to the slope failure. The hydraulic risk factor of the slope failure induces to increase the activity of the slope and decrease the resistance force in the short term. In the long term, the risk factor accelerates deterioration and aging of the slope facilities.
A preliminary investigation of the present condition of the slope located along the national road was conducted and slopes have been identified in total 29,757 places by 2012. The most district where slopes are concentrated is Gyeongsang province, 10,121 slopes are identified in this place. As a result of analyzing the slope failure characteristics of 339 points along the national road for the period 1997~2002 and main factors of slope failure is possible to be summarized as the disadvantage for the discontinuity direction, the weathering and the underground water leakage. Slopes are divided into five groups in this standard, and the group of Ⅳ and Ⅴ group is presented to the slope which is asked for the urgent detailed investigation and the reinforced construction measures.
As the portion of constitutive material of the cutting slope is 46.3% of the rock, 34.4% of the mixed with rock and soil, 17.5% of the soil and 1.8% of natural slope, most of the cut slopes take a possession of the rock and mixed cutting slopes. Most of Slope failure type is the plane failure, wedge failure and falling rocks. According to the detailed investigation, the attempt to distinct between the slope failure and landslide in terms of geological recording is tried. The lithology for slope characterization is classified into six types such as plutonic rocks, volcanic rocks, (thermal metamorhpic)sedimentary rock, regional metamorphic sedimentary rocks, metamorphic rocks and the tertiary rocks. It is confirmed that there are the most chance to collapse in the slope composed with metamorphic rock. As a result of investigating the relationship between rock type, RMR and SMR, it can be seen to have a tendency that the evaluation of SMR is lower than RMR. It is considered that the discontinuity likewise the layer joint of the igneous rock, foliation of the metamorphic rock and bedding of the sedimentary rock comes into the unstable factor for the cut slope.
The navigation and smart application for managing the data of the slope by utilizing the IT technologies are developed for the efficient and effective slope management. In addition, the scientific and systematic criteria that is based on the inclination of the upper slope, the portion of unsafe section and the safety factor according to slope stability analysis is suggested in this study as the method to secure the slope stability.
Finally, NEW Exponential Inverse Velocity (NEIV) equation is developed by means of the inverse velocity model and it is applied to validate the NEIV model using a real-time measurement data of hazardous slope in Hongcheon district. It is confirmed substantially same result between the actual recorded timing data of the slope failure occurrence and the predicted timing data by means of NEIV model.