This study was conducted to develop and test the effects of a motivational interviewing self-management program for the elderly with diabetic patients.
A non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used. The subjects consisted of 42 elderly with diabetic patients(experimental group : 21 patients, control group : 21 patients). A motivational interviewing self-management program for the elderly with diabetes mellitus developed in this study consisted of 12 weeks program in total (8 weeks for group motivational interviewing and education, 4 weeks for individual motivational interviewing on the phone). Scale for self-efficacy, self care behavior, quality of life were used and glycemic control levels were measured by HbA1C.
Data were collected before motivational interviewing self management program, after group motivational interviewing and education for 8 weeks, and after individual motivational interviewing on the phone for 4 weeks from February 13 to May 1, 2013. Data were analyzed using repeated measure ANOVA, t-test paired t-test with SPSS/WIN 18.0
The results were as follows:
1) Hypothesis 1: “There will be a significant difference in self-efficacy between the experimental group and control group” was supported (F=49.014, p<.001).
2) Hypothesis 2: “There will be a significant difference in self care behavior between the experimental group and control group” was supported (F=23.254, p<.001).
3) Hypothesis 3: “There will be a significant difference in glycemic control between the experimental group and control group” was supported (t=-6.439, p<.001).
4) Hypothesis 4: “There will be a significant difference in quality of life between the experimental group and control group” was supported (F=8.594, p=.002).
4-1) Hypothesis 4-1: “There will be a significant difference in daily life satisfaction between the experimental group and control group” was supported (F=5.367 p=.010).
4-2) Hypothesis 4-2: “There will be a significant difference in influence by disease between the experimental group and control group” was supported (F=9.533, p=.001).
In conclusion, Development and effects of a motivational interviewing self-management program for the elderly with diabetes mellitus is effective in promoting self-efficacy, self care behavior, quality of life and in improving glycemic control. Thus this program can be recommended as an effective nursing intervention for the elderly with diabetes mellitus.