For several decades, limited materials and systems were used for facade finishes for institutional buildings in South Korea, driven by economic, cultural, and legal considerations. However, the extensive use of paint, tiles, and face bricks has led to significant deterioration, creating safety hazards and aesthetic problems. The objective of this study is to analyze the wall systems and finishing materials of 26 university buildings in Seoul and identify the generalized relationships between typological variations and retrofitting approaches. This study provides reliable sample support for subsequent research analyzing Embodied Energy (EE) and Life Cycle Cost (LCC). Ultimately, the study aims to present a sustainable and optimal architectural design guide for the retrofitting of facades in aging institutional buildings.