생명공학산업, 정보통신산업, 환경산업, 디자인산업, 교육산업, 경영컨설팅산업, 정밀기기산업 등이 21세기를 주도할 지식기반산업이 될 전망이다.3. 지식기반사회의 촉진요인 및 특성가. 지식기반사회의 촉진요인지식기반사회가 도래하게된 배경으로는 크게 지식정보량의구 분분야별 지식기반산업명지식기반 1차산업첨단작물, 첨단축산, 첨단영림, 첨단양식업지식기반 제조업메카트로닉스, 항공우주, 정밀광학기기, 전자정보 통신기기, 생물,의약, 환경, 신소재, 정밀화학지식기반서비스산업정보통신서비스, 소프트웨어, 데이터베이스, 방송서비스, 디자인, 컨설팅,엔지니어링, 연구개발, 광고, 교육서비스, 의료, 문화산업(영상, 음반,출판, 캐릭터산업 등), 금융보험 폭발적 증가, 정보통신기술의 발달, 탈산업화 추세, 세계화의 급진전 등으로 요약할 수 있다(교육부, 1999b). 구체적으로 지식기반사회를 촉진시킨 요인을 살펴보면 세계화정보화의 진전, 일의 형태기회내용 등의 변화, 문화적 범위와 사회생활 양식 등의 중첩, 지식의 생산과 사용이 환경과 사회적 생존의 위협, 지식을 다루는 체계와 강도의 변화, 지식의 폭발적인 증가 등이다(이무근, 1999; 한국직업능력개발원 2001).
This study aimed to discuss the characteristics of the knowledge based society, to find out desirable intelligent man power development policies and to get some implications for the directions of higher education in knowledge based era.This study was administered through literature review and reference of professionals.The major results of the study were as follows ;(1) The rapid social change by innovations of information and technology needed creative and intelligent man power.(2) However, most of Korean universities could not performed their essential role and duty as higher education agencies.(3) The traditional role of higher education should be re-examined generally to cope with the development of knowledge based era.(4) Expecially, the structure of university should have flexibility to keep pace with rapid academic progress, innovation of technology and the social demands of intelligent man power.(5) Sufficient support should be allocated to extend the capability of creative research.(6) Diversified teaching methods, for example cyber education, e-learning, should be adopted for the academic achievement of the students.(7) Various program of extension education should be provided with customers of life-long education.(8) Liberal and moral education should be strengthened in the university.