Economic evaluation of thorium oxide production from monazite using alkaline fusion method

Sanjith Udayakumar; Norlia Baharun; Sheikh Abdul Rezan; Aznan Fazli Ismail; Khaironie Mohamed Takip

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.net.2021.01.028

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자료유형: 학술저널

저자정보: Sanjith Udayakumar (School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia) Norlia Baharun (School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia) Sheikh Abdul Rezan (School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia) Aznan Fazli Ismail (Nuclear Technology Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malays) Khaironie Mohamed Takip (Material Technology Group, Industrial Technology Division, Malaysian Nuclear Agency)

저널정보: 한국원자력학회 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Nuclear Engineering and Technology 제53권 제7호

발행연도: 2021.7

수록면: 2,418 - 2,425 (8page)

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.net.2021.01.028

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Monazite is a phosphate mineral that contains thorium (Th) and rare earth elements. The Th concentrationin monazite can be as high as 500 ppm, and it has the potential to be used as fuel in the nuclearpower system. Therefore, this study aimed to conduct the techno-economic analysis (TEA) of Thextraction in the form of thorium oxide (ThO2) from monazite. Th can be extracted from monazitethrough an alkaline fusion method. The TEA of ThO2 production studied parameters, including rawmaterials, equipment costs, total plant direct and indirect costs, and direct fixed capital cost. Theseparameters were calculated for the production of 0.5, 1, and 10 ton ThO2 per batch. The TEA studyrevealed that the highest production cost was ascribed to installed equipment. Furthermore, the highestreturn on investment (ROI) of 21.92% was achieved for extraction of 1 ton/batch of ThO2, with a paybacktime of 4.56 years. With further increase in ThO2 production to 10 ton/batch, the ROI was decreased to5.37%. This is mainly due to a significant increase in the total capital investment with increasing ThO2production scale. The minimum unit production cost was achieved for 1 ton ThO2/batch equal to 335.79$/Kg ThO2.

#Thorium #Thorium oxide #Monazite #Economic evaluation

참고문헌 (45)

참고문헌 신청

A. Nuttin / 2005 / Potential of thorium molten salt reactors detailed calculations and concept evolution with a view to large scale energy production / Prog. Nucl. Energy 46:77~99

M. K. Rowinski / 2015 / Small and medium sized reactors(SMR) : a review of technology / Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev 44:643~656

A. A. Galahom / 2017 / Minimization of the fission product waste by using thorium based fuel instead of uranium dioxide / Nucl. Eng. Des 314:165~172

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O. Ashraf / 2020 / Strategies for thorium fuel cycle transition in the SD-TMSR / Ann. Nucl. Energy 148:107656

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