Humoral response to viral vector COVID-19 vaccine in hemodialysis patients

Raja Niranjan; Rajagopalan Arul; Arunachalam Jegan; Prasath Arun; Durai Rakesh; Rajendran Manorajan

doi:10.23876/j.krcp.21.184

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자료유형: 학술저널

저자정보: Raja Niranjan (Madurai Medical College Madurai India) Rajagopalan Arul (Madurai Medical College Madurai India) Arunachalam Jegan (Madurai Medical College Madurai India) Prasath Arun (Madurai Medical College Madurai India) Durai Rakesh (Madurai Medical College Madurai India) Rajendran Manorajan (Madurai Medical College Madurai India)

저널정보: 대한신장학회 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.41 No.3

발행연도: 2022.6

수록면: 342 - 350 (9page)

DOI: 10.23876/j.krcp.21.184

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Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine is not readily available in many countries where dosing interval is spaced more than ideal. Patients with chronic kidney disease, especially those on maintenance hemodialysis, have a tendency for a reduced immune response. This study was undertaken to demonstrate the distinct humoral immune response to the viral vector COVID-19 vaccine in patients with kidney failure receiving maintenance hemodialysis. Methods: The study was carried out with two cohorts: 1) patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis and 2) healthcare workers from the same dialysis center as controls, each group with 72 subjects. Participants received a dose of Covishield ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 coronavirus vaccine. The humoral immunological response was determined using electrochemiluminescence immunoassay which quantitatively measures antibodies to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 spike protein receptor-binding domain. Results: All study subjects in the control group developed a humoral response (antibody titer of ≥0.8 U/mL), while only 64 of 72 in the dialysis group (88.9%) were responders. Age (ρ = ?0.234, p = 0.04) and sodium level (ρ = 0.237, p = 0.04) correlated with low antibody titer in bivariate analysis. In multivariate analysis, only age (odds ratio, 1.10; 95% confidence interval, 1.01?1.22; p = 0.045) was associated with nonresponders. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated a weak antibody response of hemodialysis patients to the viral vector COVID-19 vaccine. Older age was associated with nonresponders. Evaluation of both humoral and cellular immunity after the second vaccine dose and serial antibody titers can help determine the need for booster shots.

#Antibody formation #Secondary immunization #Chronic kidney failure #COVID-19 #Hemodialysis

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