Effect of ECAP on Physicochemical and Biological Properties of TiO2 Nanotubes Anodized on Commercially Pure Titanium

Yalda Chehrehsaz; Kaveh Hajizadeh; Afra Hadjizadeh; Lida Moradi; Sara Mahshid

doi:10.1007/s12540-021-01003-9

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저자정보: Yalda Chehrehsaz (Amirkabir University of Technology) Kaveh Hajizadeh (Urmia University of Technology) Afra Hadjizadeh (Amirkabir University of Technology) Lida Moradi (New York University) Sara Mahshid (McGill University)

저널정보: 대한금속·재료학회 Metals and Materials International Metals and Materials International Vol.28 No.6

발행연도: 2022.6

수록면: 1,525 - 1,535 (11page)

DOI: 10.1007/s12540-021-01003-9

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Despite many advantages of titanium, such as proper mechanical properties, biocompatibility and corrosion resistance, ithas two main weaknesses; low tensile strength compared to other metallic biomaterials, and inadequate osseointegrationowing to its bioinert spontaneous surface oxide layer. Grain refinement using Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP) hasbeen preferred as a desirable method to enhance low tensile strength. In addition, osseointegration could be improved byelectrochemical oxidation (anodization), resulting in titania nanotubes formation on titanium surface. The latter has beenextensively studied on commercially pure titanium (CP-Ti), and the formed nanotubes have been well characterized. However,a thorough observation on anodic nanotubes of ECAP-processed coarse-grained pure titanium (CG-Ti) is missing. In thisresearch, we aimed to investigate the surface characteristics and cytotoxicity of anodic TiO2nanotubes on ECAP-processedCP-Ti substrate compared to that of CG-Ti. The results generally showed superior use of nanotubes anodized on ECAP-edCP-Ti substrates over that of coarse-grained ones. We acquired ultrafine-grained titanium (UFG-Ti) by ECAP, and synthesizedanodic nanotube arrays on both UFG-Ti and CG-Ti at different times and voltages. We compared the resulted nanotubes’morphologies, physicochemical and biological properties, in which cell culture on anodic TiO2nanotubes of ECAP-edCP-Ti has been performed for the first time by this research. FESEM results showed relatively lower diameter and longernanotubes for UFG-Ti samples rather than CG-Ti ones. Nanotubes of both substrates were amorphous, and CG-Ti nanotubeswere more hydrophilic than UFG-Ti nanotubes. Enhanced cell viability and proliferation were achieved on ECAP-ed CP-Tianodic TiO2nanotubes.

#Equal Channel Angular Pressing · Ultrafine-grained Titanium · Electrochemical Anodization · TiO2 Nanotubes · Wettability · In Vitro Biocompatibility

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