Inhibition of Total Nitrogen Loss in Urine through Integrated Alkali Stabilization and Carbonation

Lulit Habte; Geunho Kim; Thriveni Thenepalli; Young Jun Ahn; Mohd Danish Khan; JiWhan Ahn

doi:10.5855/ENERGY.2022.31.3.047

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자료유형: 학술저널

저자정보: Lulit Habte (Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources) Geunho Kim (Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources) Thriveni Thenepalli (Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources) Young Jun Ahn (Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources) Mohd Danish Khan (Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources) JiWhan Ahn (Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources)

저널정보: 한국에너지학회 에너지공학 에너지 공학 제31권 제3호 (통권 제111호)

발행연도: 2022.9

수록면: 47 - 58 (12page)

DOI: 10.5855/ENERGY.2022.31.3.047

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In this paper, total nitrogen (TN) has been recovered from waste diapers through alkaline stabilization as a liquid fertilizer. Nitrogen is one of the most dominant as well as difficult key nutrients to recover from human urine. However, nitrogen can easily be lost in the form of ammonia gas by enzymatic degradation of urea. In this work, a baby diaper has been used as a source of urine which is one of the environmental burdens. The experiment started with synthesizing CaO from the waste shell used to prevent the enzymatic degradation of urea. The waste diaper was soaked in the CaO solution with desired liquid to solid ratio and stirred at 200 rpm. In the present study, three experimental parameters were investigated: CaO dosage (0.05-0.5 M), liquid/solid ratio (L/S) (5-15), and temperature (20-80 ℃). The experimental design and optimization study was conducted by response surface methodology (RSM), Box−Behnken. The urine sample was analyzed for TN before and after the alkaline stabilization process. Initially, 1068.4 ㎎/L of TN was present in the fresh urine obtained from the baby’s diaper. Then, the TN in the stabilized urine increased with time and reached 1631.2 mg/L in 48 hrs whereas in the original urine (without CaO), it reached 606 mg/L within 48 hrs. Moreover, the optimization result highlights that 0.05 M, 40 ℃, and 5 of CaO dosage, temperature, and L/S ratio respectively were the optimized condition for obtaining maximized nitrogen recovery that is 2048.56 mg/L that is 91% recovery. Finally, carbonation of the stabilized urine was conducted to neutralize the pH of the liquid fertilizer solution. Enzymatic urea hydrolysis was not observed although the pH of the stabilized urine was lowered to neutral.

#Urine #Nitrogen recovery #Optimization #Waste shells

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