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This study tries to clarify the specific characters of climate in Southern area(Sogwipo) and Northern area(Cheju) of Cheju Island which is located in Southern part of the Peninsular of Korea, using the large amount of data on temperature, precipitation, wind, amount of coulds, relative humidity, evaporation in Cheju during the 30 years (1958-1987) and those during the 26 years in Sogwipo (1962-1987).
Cheju and Sogwipo have the specific characters of maritime climate, which are affected by air mass locations, Changma, Typhoons and seasonal winds.
The findings of this paper are as follows:
1. The annual temperature of Sogwipo, almost same as that of Cheju, is higher than that of Cheju by 0.6°C, and has upward tendency.
2. Yearly mean of Sogwipo precipitation is larger than that of Cheju precipitation, especially from February to July, from which we know that rainy season comes early. Also precipitation in these two areas have an upward tendency.
3. The velocity of the wind(average velocity, maximum instantaneous wind speed) of Sogwipo is higher than that of Cheju, especially in winter. The maximum instantaneous wind speed is observed in August in both areas.
4. The wind of Cheju shifts to the direction of NNW, NW, mostly to the direction of N-W. The wind of Sogwipo shifts to the direction of NE, ENE, NNE, NW, mostly to the N-E. In Cheju, the westery wind tend to have the maximum instantaneous speeds, is the direction of NW, SSW, NNW. In Sogwipo, the northeastery wind tend to have the maximum instantaneous speeds, in the direction of NE, ENE.
5. The amount of clouds of Cheju is large in winter, and it is larger than that of Sogwipo by 0.6. The amount of clouds of Sogwipo is larger than that of Cheju in summer in July. The amount of clouds of Sogwipo has almost same tendency through the year, but it has irregularity in change compared with that of Cheju. This gradual tendency of irregularity is being observed clearly.
6. Cheju has larger evaporation than Sogwipo, especially from April to August Sogwipo has smaller evaporation. The difference of evaporation is becoming larger.
7. The relative humidity of Cheju is higher than that of Sogwipo. In June, July, August, the relative humidity of Sogwipo is higher than that of Cheju. Both areas having almost same tendency of year in relative humidity, the degree of change in Cheju is becoming larger.
8. It is substantially as follows: Cheju has lower temperature and smaller precipitation, but the velocity of the wind, amount of clouds, relative humidity, evaporation of Cheju is all higher than those of Sogwipo. The wind of Cheju shifts mostly to the direction of N-W, and that of S1Sgwipo shifts mostly to the direction of N-E. And the climatic difference of these two areas is topographically influenced by Mt. Halla.