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논문 기본 정보

자료유형
학술저널
저자정보
석재왕 (건국대학교 국제개발협력원)
저널정보
국가안보전략연구원 국가안보와 전략 국가안보와 전략 제16권 제3호
발행연도
2016.1
수록면
119 - 149 (31page)

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This paper is designed to examine the hypothesis that the policy makers, than the intelligence agencies, were more responsible for the intelligence failure at the outbreak of the Korean War. Intelligence failure, more often than not, results from non-intelligence factors such as intelligence disregard and arrogance caused by the decision makers as well as by the intelligence agencies. In this case, it cannot be called intelligence failure but policy failure. Before the start of the Korea War, the intelligence agencies such as CIA, KLO, KMAG had been collecting informations on North Korea. Since early 1948, they had produced various reports, containing warnings on imminent strategic surprise from the north. They also had persistently reported about North Korea’s military build-up. Unfortunately, the reports were regarded as contradictory and inaccurate. Due to lack of scientific intelligence assets in the flood of rumors and disinformation, the agencies could not estimate the exact time of invasion. Eventually, the intelligence agencies were unable to draw up policy changes by failing to gain policy makers’ confidence. But, Intelligence agencies are not also free from the intelligence failure, since they were not successful in drawing the customers’ attention in the absense of Ⅳ. 한국전쟁 발발과 미국 트루먼 행정부의 정보실패_ 151 close consultation efforts. Truman decided to withdraw U.S. forces from Korea and to cut military aid, by underestimating the strategic value of Korean peninsula. Dean Acheson’s speech, excluding Korea from the U.S. defense perimeter, preceded. The policy makers in Washington D.C. were obsessed with the fixed idea that “North Korea is Soviet satellite state, and all-out war will not break out in the peninsula.” They paid little attention to the warnings and did not take any policy action. It is also true that the intelligence failures regarding Korean war were caused by multiple factors, not only by a certain part’s missteps. But if the policy makers didn’t ignore and dump the warnings, intelligence failures could be avoided. That’s why policy makers were more responsible for the intelligence failures.

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