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논문 기본 정보

자료유형
학술저널
저자정보
Mumtaz M. Shah (Quaid-i-Azam University Pakistan) Hamad U. Rahim (Quaid-i-Azam University Pakistan) Aosaf Hassan (Oil & Gas Development Company Limited Pakistan) Muhammad R. Mustafa (Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS Malaysia) Imran Ahmad (University of Malakand Pakistan)
저널정보
한국지질과학협의회 Geosciences Journal Geosciences Journal Vol.24 No.3
발행연도
2020.1
수록면
295 - 314 (20page)

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This studied rocks form part of the southern Hazara basin in the NW Himalayan Fold and Thrust belt, Pakistan. Thick inner to mid ramp carbonate platform deposits of Samana Suk Formation (Bajocian–Callovian) mostly composed of medium to thick bedded limestone with occasional dolostone beds are exposed in various localities. In the present studies, attempt has been made to understand degree of diagenetic alterations (i.e., dolomitization) within various limestone facies due to fluid-rock interaction phenomenon, and its impact on the reservoir behavior of altered rocks based on field investigations, petrographic studies, stable isotope signatures and porosity/permeability analysis. Field observations revealed various limestone types (oolitic, burrowed, fossiliferous, micritic and sandy), whereas dolomite occurs as completely replacive phase (Dol-I), and partially replacive patchy bodies (Dol-II) respectively. Petrographic studies showed various limestone and dolomite facies, which include: (i) Grainstone facies (bioclastic grainstone, peloidal grainstone, ooidal grainstone and pel-bioclastic grainstone), (ii) Packstone facies (bioclastic packstone and peloidal packstone), (iii) Wackestone facies (bioclastic wackestone), (iv) Mudstone facies (lime mudstone, and (v) Dolomite facies (coarse crystalline strata-bound Dol-I, and fine crystalline patchy Dol-II) respectively. O/C isotope analysis revealed that Dol-I shows signatures of δ18O (–5.84 to –3.91‰ V-PDB), and δ13C (+0.6 to +2.37‰ V-PDB) are within the limit of the carbonate marine seawater signatures, hence originated from sea-water or modified sea-water, whereas Dol-II exhibited depleted δ18O values (–6.88 to –5.87‰ V-PDB) and slightly depleted δ13C signatures (+0.968 to +1.85‰ V-PDB), indicating high temperature dolomitizing fluids. During early stage of marine diagenesis, which resulted in the cementation of pores within the grainstone-packstone facies, whereas mudstone-wackestone facies remained unaltered due to low porosity and permeability. Late stage dolomitization caused partial to complete alteration of mudstone-wackestone facies, in contrast grainstone-packstone facies are not affected by dolomitizing fluids due to the fact that the pore network of these coarser facies had already been occluded by the preceding marine cementation event. Porosity and permeability analyses revealed relatively high porosity values (4–8%) and permeability values (11.5 mD) in the dolomitized facies, whereas unaltered limestone facies showed considerably low porosity/permeability values (> 1%). In conclusion, less porous/permeable fine-grained facies evolved into more porous and permeable units due to the interaction of dolomitizing fluids of hydrothermal origin, which confirms that the original sedimentary texture of rock has implications on the selectivity of any diagenetic alteration.
#selective dolomitization #Samana Suk Formation #microfacies #reservoir characterization

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참고문헌 (47)

참고문헌 신청
Sohaib AHMAD / 2017 / The Interrelationship of Micro-Meso and Macroscopic Structures on the Western Limb of the Hazara Kashmir Syntaxis, Pakistan / Acta Geologica Sinica - English Edition 91(5):1573~1623 Crossref Ahsan, N. / 2008 / Geology of Hettangian to middle Eocene rocks of Hazara and Kashmir basins, northwest lesser Himalayas, Pakistan / Geological Bulletin of Punjab University 43:131~152 google schola Algive, L. / 2012 / Impact of diagenetic alterations on the petrophysical and multiphase flow properties of carbonate rocks using a reactive pore network modeling approach / Oil & Gas Science and Technology-Revue d’IFP Energies nouvelles 67:147~160 google schola Ali, F. / 2013 / Microfacies analysis and sequence stratigraphic modeling of the Samana Suk Formation, Chichali Nala, Trans Indus Ranges, Punjab, Pakistan / Journal of Himalayan Earth Sciences 46:41~53 google schola Abdullah Al-Mojel / 2018 / Carbon and oxygen isotope stratigraphy of Jurassic platform carbonates from Saudi Arabia: Implications for diagenesis, correlations and global paleoenvironmental changes / Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 511:388~402 Crossref

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