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논문 기본 정보

자료유형
연구보고서
저자정보
James Kim
저널정보
국립중앙도서관 국립중앙도서관 연계자료 국립중앙도서관 연계자료, 2018년 제14호
발행연도
2018.1
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0 - 0 (139page)

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In this study, the OSP means a person who provides matching or mediate commercial trades and who helps other to get commercial success by posting goods or information of goods to help a person to buy trough internet. The matching service or mediating service of posting information of commercial goods usually provided by a big OSP company. Contributory infringement of intellectual propertys(IPRs) is usually understood as an act where some one assists to another in infringing IPRs, for example, intentionally providing an internet selling site for counterfeiters of trademarks or intentionally providing materials or components to counterfeiters for manufacturing counterfeit goods. Currently, OSP includes the Coupang and Amazon, a selling company through the internet, and Auction, 11th, Gmarket, interpark, as well as naver, daum, danawa, bb, enuri who provide information about the price of goods. It also includes the internet Cafe in Naver and Daum. Mostly, the matters regarding infringing trademark occurs through small group of Social Network Service. OSP’s contributory infringement of the trademarks are responsible as inducement, aid and abet. the US, EU, China, and Japan impose responsibility of contributory liability to OSP. The U.S. does not have any express provision of contributory liability in trademark called as Lanham Act but recognizes the secondary liability to OSP who contribute the direct infringer to infringe trademark right under the common law. At common law, contributory liability is established when: (1) the defendant knows of the infringement; and (2) the defendant materially contributes to or induces the infringement. The Inwood, the Supreme Court states: “[I]f a manufacturer or distributer [sic] intentionally induces another to infringe a trademark, or if it continues to supply its product to one whom it knows or has reason to know is engaging in trademark infringement, the manufacturer or distributor is contributorially responsible for any harm done as a result of the deceit.” Inwood test requires inducement, or “a knowledge standard of knowing or having reason to know.” It also requires that the OSP continuously and knowingly provide service for the direct infringer. After Inwood, Lockheed Martin Corporation v. Network Solutions, Inc., (“NSI”) the court states that it is requried to recognize the contributory liability “[d]irect control and monitoring of the instrumentality used by a third party to infringe the plaintiff’s mark” to be liable for contributory infringement. Then the 9th Circuit also states that "contributory infringement occurs when the defendant either intentionally induces a third party to infringe the plaintiff s mark or supplies a product to a third party with actual or constructive knowledge that the product is being used to infringe the service mark." The court ruled that if they supply a product knowingly a third-party is reselling under a label containing a fake trademark that the third party has no right to use, or when they rent space in a flea market to a third party with knowledge selling infringing goods, the parties are guilty of contributory infringement. The 9th Court established the Lockheed Martine rule that requires “direct control and monitoring test” to be guilt of contributory infringement. In Fare Deals, Ltd. v. World Choice Travel.com, Inc., the court found that “[e]ven if the facts suggested … that [the defendant] might be contributorily liable because it ‘supplied a product’ to the infringers or directly controlled and monitored the means of infringement, [the defendant could not] demonstrate the requisite knowledge of the infringing activity to find it liable under Inwood Laboratories.” In Fare Deals, the court expressly required that the plaintiff “directly controlled and monitored the activities of the [plaintiff’s] site and that [the defendant] had actual knowledge of the infringement.” In EU, OSP is responsible to the contributory infringement of the trademark for selling counterfeit products on the OSP’s website. The court ruled that LVMH was entitled to damages from Ebay’s contributory infrigement. Article 14 of the European Community Directive on electronic commerce provides that a hoster is granted liability protection if (1) it does not have actual knowledge of infringing activity or is not aware of circumstances where illegal activity could be apparent or (2) if it does have actual knowledge, it acts “expeditiously” to remove or prevent access to the illegal activity. Article 6-1-2 of the French Law for Confidence in the Digital Economy was created based on Article 14 of the European Community Directive on electronic commerce. China very actively enacted law regarding the contributory liability of OSP. It seems that the Chinese government’s intend to establish a business industry based on internet. Recent prosperity of internet based trade business in China could be contributed to the Chinese governments policy establishing contributory liability of OSP who induces or assists the direct infringement of trademark. In my proposal of establishing contributory liability clause in Korean Trademark Act regarding contributory liability of OSP who induce or assist direct infringement. Followings are must be included for the act which provide contributory infringement of trademark. For the recognition of contributory infringement selling counterfeit goods must be “controlled and monitored” by OSP. Another prong for recognition of contributory infringement OSP "intentionally induces another to infringe a trademark“. If an OSP continues to supply its service to one whom OSP knows or has reason to know is engaging in trademark infringement.” Details of proposed provisions of OSP’s liability for inducing and assisting direct infringement of trademark are in the body section of this report

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