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This study is concerned with alterations in chromosomes (numbers and morphology) when the culture of Chinese hamster cells (FAF-28 strain) was treated by steroids, testosterone and DOC. 1. In 200 cells of normal untreated cells as control population the chromosome of stemline was decided as which was contained in 158 cells ; that is , in 79 percent of the population. The average chromosome number in above 20 cells observed was calculated as 23.95 with minimum limit at 20 and maximum limit at 70. 2. Many different chromosome numbers, ranging from 19 to 352 were observed in the 200 cells treated by testosterone. The diploid number of 22 showed the peak of variation curve was counted in 71 cells (35.5%) and an average chromosome number of stemline was 22 which was counted in 74 cells (37%). While all of the chromosome number of stemline was 22 which was counted in 74 cells (37%). While all of the chromosome numbers in the 200 cells observed ranged from 20 to 181 , an average chromosome number was also found to be 30.09. 4. The chromosome component in the cultured normal FAF-28 cells with 22 diploid chromosomeswas as follows ; 9a) 2 paris were long and metacentric (LM), (b) 3 pairs were medium length and metacentric (MM), (c) 3 pairs were small and subtelocentric (SS) and (d) 3 pairs were small and metacentric (SM). 5. The twenty cells with 44 chromosomes were selected at random from each cell population treated with testosterone and DOC , so that chromosome idiogram and morphology could be studies. In the twenty cells of the testosterone treated population the average ratio of above four groups, LM ; MM;Ss:SM, was found to be 8.6 : 10.8:13.5:10.7. On the other hand, the average ratio in the same number of cells of the DOC treated one was 7.7 :11.4:12.5:12.7. 6. The five types of the altered chromosomes morphologically in the hundred cells selected at random from each cell population treated by testosterone and DOC were observed (Type I-V). The thirty-one altered chromosomes were found to be in the testosterone treated cell population and the sixteen in DOC treated.
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