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ObjectiveTo compare the efficacy of a pulmonary recruitment maneuver using lower airway pressure (30 cm H2O) andintraperitoneal bupivacaine, alone or in combination, for reducing shoulder pain after gynecologic laparoscopy. MethodsA prospective controlled study was performed in a teaching hospital with patients who underwent electivegynecologic laparoscopic surgery. Two hundred eighty-seven patients were randomized into 1 of 4 groups: groupA, placebo; group B, intraperitoneal instillation of bupivacaine; group C, CO2 removal by a pulmonary recruitmentmaneuver; group D, combination of intraperitoneal bupivacaine and pulmonary recruitment maneuver. Theinterventions were performed at the end of surgery. Shoulder pain was recorded on a visual analog scale (VAS) at 1, 6,12, and 24 hours postoperatively. ResultsThe overall incidence of shoulder pain was 49.8% and the incidence tended to gradually decrease from group A togroup D (59.0% in group A, 54.8% in group B, 44.4% in group C, and 41.5% in group D; P=0.026). In addition, theVAS scores gradually decreased from group A to D, although a statistically significant difference was only found at6 hours postoperatively (P=0.03). There were no complications related to the interventions. ConclusionThe combination of a pulmonary recruitment maneuver with intraperitoneal bupivacaine significantly reducedshoulder pain after gynecologic laparoscopy. Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01039441.

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